Mužlja
Mužlja (Hungarian Muzslya , German Muschla ) (until 1955 Gornja Mužlja , Hungarian Felsö Muzslya ) is a district of Zrenjanin in Serbia .
history
The settlement of Mužlja was founded in 1890 on the southern edge of Zrenjanin ( Hungarian Nagybecskerek , German Großbetschkerek , Romanian Becicherecul Mare ) with the aim of using the area for agricultural purposes. 420 Hungarian families (around 2500 people in total) were settled in the area for this purpose. The agrarian goals could only be met moderately, but in the early 1960s the village recorded high growth rates. The reason for this was the attractive location near the town of Zrenjanin, which offered work for many people in the region. In its heyday, Mužlja had 13,000 inhabitants. Today, due to the civil war and the associated emigration abroad, the population is around 10,000.
In its short history, Mužlja lost its self-government several times until it was finally declared completely the 14th district of Zrenjanin in 1971.
ethnicities
Originally, Mužlja was a purely Hungarian settlement. Today the Hungarians still make up the majority of the population and thus form an exclave in the otherwise mainly Serbian-populated area. As a result of various waves of Serbian immigration in the 1960s, 1980s and 1990s (due to displacement and emigration from other parts of Yugoslavia during the Yugoslav wars ), the proportion of Serbs and other ethnic groups rose steadily. Each of these waves of migration was accompanied by brief conflicts with the local population, which quickly subsided. Coexistence worked relatively smoothly until recently. Practically all Hungarians speak Serbian and some of the Serbs can communicate roughly in Hungarian.
In recent years, however, tensions between the ethnic groups have increased. There are always clashes between young people. There has also been a strong anti-Chinese stance in Mužlja for several years. In 2002 an arson attack was carried out on one of the Chinese supermarkets, which burned down completely.
literature
- Aranka Palatínus: A Szűzanya oltalmában. Edited by Kiss Lajos Néprajzi Tarsaság Szabadka, Muzslya 2002.
- Miklós Karl: A dűlőutak szorgos népe, Adalékok Muzslya százéves történetéhez 1890–1990. Published by Forum - Magyar Szó, Novi Sad 1990.
Web links
Coordinates: 45 ° 21 ' N , 20 ° 24' E