Multidimensional Poverty Index

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The index of multidimensional poverty (English Multidimensional Poverty Index , abbreviated MPI) is a from the development program of the United Nations published (UNDP) indicator of poverty by a combination of several individual indicators from the three dimensions of education , health and standard of living measures. The index is considered specifically for developing countries . In view of the lack of data (in many countries there are no values ​​for individual indicators), the development program does not - in contrast to the case of the human development index, for exampleis the case - up to now on showing the results sorted in a ranking list. Human Development Initiative (OPHI) at Oxford University designed for the United Nations Development Program. Sabina Alkire and James Foster developed the method and put the index up for discussion for the first time in 2011. According to the method, those people are considered poor who experience a deficiency in at least one third (33%) of the measured indicators. A person with a deficiency in a single indicator is not defined as “poor” according to this method. People who have a deficiency in 20-33% of the measured categories are considered "at risk of poverty" ( vulnerable to poverty ) and those persons who have a defect in more than 50% live in "severe poverty" ( severe poverty ).

Poverty in Benin

The multi-dimensional poverty index has three categories (dimensions) and within these a total of 10 indicators. Each indicator weighs the same within the categories.

  1. Education (2 indicators, each contributing 1/6 to the overall index): number of school years and attendance at school
  2. Health (2 indicators, each contributing 1/6 to the overall index): child mortality and nutrition
  3. Standard of living (6 indicators, each contributing 1/18 to the overall index): fuel for cooking, sanitation, water, electricity, soil and property.

The index can be modified according to research. Further relevant individual indicators can be added and unimportant ones removed.

Sample results

For South Sudan , a developing country torn by civil war, an index value of 0.6 was determined for 2010; According to the evaluation in the 2015 Human Development Report , 89 percent of the population were poor, and 70 percent were even affected by “serious poverty”.

Web links

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  1. ↑ United Nations Development Program (UNDP): Human Development Report 2015 . Ed .: German Society for the United Nations eV Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin ( undp.org [PDF; 9.3 MB ; accessed on November 5, 2016]). Page 268–270.
  2. ↑ Tillmann Elliesen: On the trail of poverty . In: welt-sichten, vol. 2010, issue 10, accessed on October 26, 2014.
  3. ↑ United Nations Development Program (UNDP): Human Development Report 2015 . Ed .: German Society for the United Nations eV Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin ( undp.org [PDF; 9.3 MB ; accessed on November 5, 2016]). Page 268–270.