Multiple crisis
As a multiple crisis - even multiple crises called - is "a historically specific constellation of various mutually influencing and coherent crisis processes in the neoliberal financial market capitalism understood." The individual crisis processes are to be interpreted as crises of specific social conditions, whereby social conditions v. a. "Relatively regular practices of social collectives and individuals" means. Crises therefore arise when collectives and / or individuals are no longer able to practice these specific practices, ie when the “normality” of these relationships is disturbed.
Pauline Bader et al. therefore point out that the concept of crisis cannot be understood in a purely objectivistic way, because it always depends on the subjective perception of the crisis how the “practitioners” react to potential crises. Accordingly, crises always have objective and subjective components, refer to both the actual non-reproducibility and the subjective perception of these. The considerations represent an extension of the variants of the Marxist crisis theory discussed so far and do not focus solely on economic relationships. The multiple crisis will be discussed against the background and the connection with the global economic crisis from 2007 , whereby the causal and analyzed processes started much earlier.
Subdivide thematically Bader et al. the multiple crisis into four central crisis complexes:
- Economy (finance-dominated accumulation ),
- Ecology,
- Social ( reproduction ) and
- Politics (democracy).
Ulrich Brand (2009), on the other hand, takes the multiple crisis even broader or more differentiated. In the social field, he also differentiates between forced migration, the crisis of gender relations or hegemonic masculinity, and social integration. He also speaks of a crisis in political institutions (or political representation) and crises in food security.
Above all, it is critical scholars from German-speaking countries who are inclined to Marxism who deal with this approach and include it in their analyzes.
literature
- Pauline Bader, Florian Becker, Alex Demirović , Julia Dück: The multiple crisis - crisis dynamics in neoliberal capitalism . In: Alex Demirović, Julia Dück, Florian Becker, Pauline Bader (eds.): MehrfachKrise: In finance-dominated capitalism . VSA Verlag, Hamburg 2011, p. 11-28 .
- Pauline Bader among others: »Multiple Crisis«. A debate. In: LUXEMBOURG - Social Analysis and Left Practice : Return of the Struggles? Issue 2/2011.
- Ulrich Brand: The multiple crisis - dynamics and connection of the crisis dimensions, demands on political institutions and opportunities for progressive politics. (PDF) Heinrich Böll Foundation, 2009, accessed on February 10, 2016 .
- Alex Demirović: Multiple Crisis, Authoritarian Democracy and Radical Democratic Renewal. In: PROKLA . 171, June 2013, pp. 193-215.
- Sebastian Klauke: Multiple crisis. In: Jan Brunner, Anna Dobelmann, Sarah Kirst, Louisa Prause (eds.): Dictionary land and raw material conflicts . transcript, Bielefeld 2019, ISBN 978-3-8376-4433-3 , pp. 252-258.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Pauline Bader, Florian Becker, Alex Demirović , Julia Dück: The multiple crisis - crisis dynamics in neoliberal capitalism . In: Alex Demirovic, Julia Dück, Florian Becker, Pauline Bader (eds.): MehrfachKrise: In finance-dominated capitalism . VSA Verlag, Hamburg 2011, p. 13 .
- ↑ Pauline Bader, Florian Becker, Alex Demirović, Julia Dück: The multiple crisis - crisis dynamics in neoliberal capitalism . In: Alex Demirovic, Julia Dück, Florian Becker, Pauline Bader (eds.): MehrfachKrise: In finance-dominated capitalism . VSA Verlag, Hamburg 2011, p. 11 .
- ^ Ulrich Brand: The Multiple Crisis - Dynamics and Connection of the Crisis Dimensions, Demands on Political Institutions and Chances of Progressive Politics. (PDF) Heinrich Böll Foundation, 2009, accessed on February 10, 2016 .