Musō Jikiden Eishin Ryū

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Musō Jikiden Eishin-Ryū ( Japanese 無双 直 伝 英 信 流 or 無雙 直傳 英 信 流 ) is a sword fighting style of the Koryū . It is one of the most widespread styles still practiced today in Iaidō . The name can be translated as "incomparable, directly handed down school of Eishin". The number of people belonging to the style is estimated at over 15,000 worldwide.

techniques

The techniques ( Waza ) of the Musō Jikiden Eishin-Ryū are divided into sets (部 [Bu]) according to their different starting positions and learning levels.

Solo waza

Solo waza are performed with the katana or the iaitō . Both are Japanese swords with full mounts , but the iaitō is not sharpened and is often made of aluminum alloys instead of steel. For safety reasons, however, the use of a real katana is reserved for advanced users. Beginners usually start with a bokken (wooden sword).

Seiza no Bu (正 座 之 部)

This set is derived from the Omori Ryū and is often still called that. It is traditionally the first set to be taught. Seiza no Bu Waza begin in the formal sitting position ( seiza ), with the exception of oikaze, which begins standing.

Seiza no Bu (正 座 之 部) Waza:

  1. 前 Mae
  2. 右 Migi
  3. 左 Hidari
  4. 後 Ushiro
  5. 八 重 垣 Yaegaki
  6. 受 流 Ukenagashi
  7. 介 錯 Kaishaku
  8. 附 込 Tsukekomi
  9. 月 影 Tsukikage
  10. 追風 Oikaze
  11. 抜 打 Nukiuchi

Tachihiza no Bu (立 膝 之 部)

Tachihiza no Bu Waza begin with Tatehiza , a semi-sitting position, with the exception of Makkō, which begins in the regular knee position (Seiza).

Tachihiza no Bu (立 膝 之 部) Waza:

  1. 横 雲 Yokogumo
  2. 虎 一 足 Tora no issoku
  3. 稲 妻 Inazuma
  4. 浮雲 Ukigumo
  5. 颪 Oroshi
  6. 岩 波 Iwanami
  7. 鱗 返 Urokogaeshi
  8. 波 返 Namigaeshi
  9. 瀧 落 Takiotoshi
  10. 真 向 Makkō

Okuiai Iwaza no Bu (Okuden)

Okuiai Iwaza no Bu (奥 居 合 居 業 之 部) Waza:

  1. 霞 Kasumi
  2. 脛 囲 Sunegakoi
  3. 戸 詰 Tozume
  4. 戸 脇 Towaki
  5. 四方 切 Shihogiri
  6. 棚 下 Tanashita
  7. 両 詰 Ryōzume
  8. 虎 走 Torabashiri

Okuiai Tachiwaza no Bu (Okuden)

The Okuiai techniques begin with a natural walking motion, with the exception of the three Itomagoi. Most Waza simulate very specific combat scenarios, which are characterized either by peculiarities of the environment or the tactical starting position. The movements that are necessary, sometimes unusual, only make sense in the context of their respective scenario.

Okuiai Tachiwaza no Bu (奥 居 合 立業 之 部) Waza:

  1. 行 連 Yukizure
  2. 連 達 Tsuredachi
  3. 惣 捲 Sō Makuri
  4. 惣 留 Sō Dome
  5. 信 夫 Shinobu
  6. 行 違 Yukichigai
  7. 袖 摺返 Sode Surigaeshi
  8. 門 入 Mon'iri
  9. 壁 添 Kabezoe
  10. 受 流 Ukenagashi
  11. 暇 乞 其 の 一 Itomagoi Sono Ichi
  12. 暇 乞 其 の 二 Itomagoi Sono Ni
  13. 暇 乞 其 の 三 Itomagoi Sono San

Bangai no Bu (Okuden)

Bangai no bu (番外 之 部) Waza:

  1. 速 波 Hayanami
  2. 雷電 Raiden
  3. 迅雷 Jinrai

Partner Waza - Kumitachi (組 太 刀)

Kumitachi (組 太 刀) are advanced techniques that are performed with a partner and a wooden sword. Below are the sets:

  1. Tachi Uchi no Kurai (太 刀 打 之 位)
  2. Tsume Ai no Kurai (詰 合 之 位)
  3. Daishō Zume (大小 詰)
  4. Daishō Tachi Zume (大小 立 詰)
  5. Daikendori (大 検 取).

Techniques added by Kōno Hyakuren

Kōno Hyakuren, the 20th sōke of the Musō Jikiden Eishin-ryū, added two more sets called Dai Nippon Battō Hō (大 日本 抜 刀法). These techniques start in the standing position. Since these waza date from the 20th century, they do not belong to the koryū.

Schools with no affiliation with Kono Hyakuren generally do not practice these techniques. In some schools they are taught first, before the Seiza no Bu.

Dai Nippon Battō Hō, Kihon

  1. 順 刀 其 の 一 Juntō Sono Ichi
  2. 順 刀 其 の 二 Juntō Sono Ni
  3. 追 撃 刀 Tsuigekitō
  4. 斜 刀 Shatō
  5. 四方 刀 其 の 一 Shihōtō Sono Ichi
  6. 四方 刀 其 の 二 Shihōtō Sono Ni
  7. 斬 突 刀 Zantotsutō

Dai Nippon Battō Hō, Oku

These techniques use the same introductory scheme as the okuiai.

Battō Hō no Bu Waza:

  1. 前敵 逆 刀 Zenteki Gyakutō
  2. 多 敵 刀 Tatekitō
  3. 後 敵 逆 刀 Kōteki Gyakutō
  4. 後 敵 抜 打 Kōteki Nukiuchi

Toho

This series is a selection of waza from various traditional styles (ryū). They are practiced with audible kiai .

Toho (刀法) Waza:

  1. 前 切 Maegiri (Eishin-Ryū)
  2. 前後 切 Zengogiri (Mugai-Ryū)
  3. 切 上 Kiriage (Shindo Munen-Ryū)
  4. 四方 切 Shihōgiri (Suio-Ryū)
  5. 切 先 返 Kissaki Gaeshi (Hoki-Ryū)

literature

  • Peter Güthing: Musō Jikiden Eishin Ryū Iaidō: Traditional Japanese sword art . Borsdorf, 2013ff. (three volumes so far).
  • Nicklaus Suino: The Art of Japanese Swordmanship - A Manual of Eishin-Ryu Iaido ( English ). Weatherhill, Boston 1994, ISBN 978-1-5903-483-9.
  • Ichisuke Kyo: Iaidō Shinan -Musō Jikiden Eishin-Ryū- (居 合 道 指南 - 無双 直 伝 英 信 流 -) ( Japanese ). Airyudo, Tokyo 2005, ISBN 4-7502-0273-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.iaido.org/pages/eishinhist.html
  2. ↑ http://search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/fl20030316a3.html
  3. ↑ Kyo 2005 : 34.70
  4. ↑ Suino 1994 : 43ff
  5. ↑ Kyo 2005 : 76
  6. ↑ Suino 1994 : 126ff
  7. ↑ Suino 1994 : 189ff
  8. ↑ Suino 1994 : 156ff
  9. ↑ Suino 1994 : 209ff
  10. ↑ Suino 1994 : 83
  11. ↑ Suino 1994 : 113
  12. ^ Suino 1994 : 222
  13. ↑ Suino 1994 : 222ff