Muzaina

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The Muzaina ( Arabic مزينة) were a nomadic Arab tribe who lived in the south of the city of Yathrib during the time of the Prophet Mohammed and were one of its most important allies. In the Arabic genealogy it is assigned to the North Arabic tribes, which can be traced back to ʿAdnān. The associated Nisba is Muzanī . The Muzaina were famous for their tradition of poetry. Well-known ancient Arab poets who belonged to this tribe were Zuhair ibn Abi Sulma and his son Ka'b ibn Zuhair .

At the battle of Buʿāth between the two tribes Aus and Khazradsch , which took place around 617, the Muzaina were among the allies of the Aus. After the emigration of Muhammad to Yathrib in 622 the Muzaina decreased rapidly Islam and allied themselves with him. Members of the tribe fought on his side in the battles of Badr and Uhud and in the campaign to Chaibar . When they captured Mecca in January 630, they formed one of the largest contingents of Muslims after the Ansār with 1,000 to 1,300 fighters .

During the Ridda Wars after the Prophet's death, the Muzayna remained loyal to Medina and defended the city from other Arab tribes. After the Arab conquest of Iraq, some tribesmen settled in Basra and Kufa . A well-known representative of the Muzaina in Basra was Iyās ibn Muʿāwiya (st. 740). He was appointed Qādī of the city by ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz in 717 and worked as a market overseer ( wālī as-sūq ) of Wasit from 720 onwards .

Most of the Muzaina, however, stayed in their homeland in the Hejaz . There they supported the uprising of Aliden Muhammad an-Nafs az-Zakīya at the end of the 8th century . After the South Arabian Harb tribe immigrated to the Hejaz in the 9th century, the Muzaina mingled with them. In the 17th century Muzaina migrated along with the Harb into the Sinai from.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Cf. W. Montgomery Watt: Muhammad at Medina. Oxford 1956. p. 85.
  2. ↑ See Josef van Ess : Theology and Society in the 2nd and 3rd Century of the Hijra. A History of Religious Thought in Early Islam . 6 vols., De Gruyter, Berlin 1991-97. Vol. II, pp. 122-131.