Refugee
Precocial refers to a boy type in vertebrates in which the newly hatched or newly born pups are already so far advanced that they follow their parents.
In contrast to the nestlings, those who flee from the nest are born relatively well developed. Immediately after hatching or after birth , they can open their eyes, see, hear and move. They are able to move away from the nest by themselves on the first day of life , find their way around the area and can even take in food themselves. Mammals that flee the nest, such as B. guinea pigs or ungulates are suckled, but they can run with the mother on the first day of life. Birds that flee the nest are protected and fed by their parent animals in the first few weeks of life.
On the other hand, animals that are still relatively undeveloped and are therefore tied to the nest for weeks or months after hatching or after birth due to their helplessness are called nestling. Due to the instinctive behavior of one or both parent animals, they enjoy a very long period of brood care . It is assumed that life on the ground favors those who flee nests, whereas tree-dwelling animals are often nests.
An intermediate position is occupied by square stools that are highly developed but remain in the nest for the first few days and are fed by the parents (e.g. seagulls ).
The third boy type next precocial and Nesthocker is the supporting Ling . Baby babies are carried by their parents, usually the mother, in their first lifetime.
Distinctions
- Extreme refugees
- Reptiles - no breeding , the young are fully mature
- Primary refugees
- Chickens , ducks , rails , cranes - long breeding season, little maintenance
- Secondary nests
- Ungulates , whales - long gestation period, mature, intensive mother-child relationship. In the monkeys development of the baby
- Nestling
- Day birds of prey , storks , herons - intensive brood care
- Primary nestling
- Insectivores , predators , brown rats , house mice , golden hamsters - short gestation period, naked, intensive brood care
- Evolved nest seaters
- Passerines , woodpeckers , owls , parrots - short breeding season, intensive care of the immature young
- "Secondary nestling"
- Human - very long care period (“embryo outside the womb”, Adolf Portmann ); More common, however, is the term carried for babies of humans ( Bernhard Hassenstein )
- Place stool
- Seagulls
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Wondrous Home: Nesthocker and Nestlifter. SWR4 Baden-Württemberg, May 17, 2011, accessed on December 2, 2017 .
- ↑ Helene Böhme: Nesthocker, Nestflüchter & Platzhocker. Vogel und Natur, April 16, 2013, accessed December 13, 2017 .
- ^ A b Hansjörg Hemminger, Evelin Kirkilionis: Nestflüchter. In: Lexicon of Biology. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 1999, accessed December 2, 2017 .
- ↑ Evelin Kirkilionis: Tragling . In: Lexicon of Biology. Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, 1999, accessed on December 13, 2017 .