Neuhof (Neudenau)
Neuhof is a total deserted area near Reichertshausen , a district of the city of Neudenau in the Heilbronn district in northern Baden-Württemberg . The place was probably founded as a mansion in the High Middle Ages, but deteriorated into a sheep farm until the late 15th century . The farm was inhabited until 1881, the last historical building burned down in 1974.
location
Neuhof is about one kilometer northeast of Reichertshausen.
history
The Neuhof is considered to be the medieval manor of the Lords of Reichertshausen. This assumption is justified with the simultaneous founding of Reichertshausen and Neuhof, with the size of 155 acres of land appropriate for a royal seat and with the numerous field names in its vicinity that suggest a manor house. Of course, there were no representative buildings there, but the stone dwelling house has clearly stood out from the farmhouses in the surrounding areas. During excavations in the area of the former house, mainly shards were found, the oldest of which date from around 1250.
As a mansion, the farm was already abandoned in the late Middle Ages, and in the late 15th century, sheep was mainly used there . In 1473 the farm is called the Newe or Schaafhoff in the stock registers , in 1528 the farm was called New hoff, called Hamellhausen hoff .
Shortly after the Peasants' War of 1525, the farm played a role in the feud of the Swabian League against the robber baron Thomas von Absberg , when the shepherd of the farm was suspected of having hidden prisoners from Ulm and Esslingen as well as looted goods on the farm.
In 1542 the farm was owned by the Duke of Württemberg, who was also entitled to most of the income, while other rights lay with Mosbach Abbey , Seligental Monastery and the Lords of Adelsheim .
In 1557 the farm came to Reichertshausen as a fief, whereby the field was divided into three farms. In 1622 the community sold the sheep farm with the Neuhof buildings to the citizen Jörg Schreck. The former Hofgut was thus divided into three independently managed areas: firstly, the Neuhof sheep, second, the Hofgüter that until the 19th century closed Zelgen formed, and thirdly, the rule of forest with an area of 25 acres, the 1830 the community in the Years ago, it was bought, cleared and divided into 27 plots as farmland given to farmers.
The first information on the size of the sheep farm on the Neuhof is available in 1734, when a judge's verdict confirmed to one of the two shepherds working at the time that he was allowed to keep more than 600 sheep, although it is questionable whether this number was actually exceeded. In the same year, as the owner of the Neuhof, Kilian Kayser had the largest tax capital in the entire Möckmühl office. His grandson Johann Michael Kayser founded an inn on the Neuhof, which was connected to a customs post, but soon closed again. In the 18th century, the borders between Württemberg , Kurmainz and the Teutonic Order ran near the Neuhof . In 1820 the Neuhof was owned by the municipality of Möckmühl and was inhabited by twelve people. In 1829 the Reichertshausen community acquired the farm and the sheep farm. The last shepherd on the Neuhof was Christian Hessinger, who filed for bankruptcy in 1868. The farm remained inhabited until 1881, after which the house, which was still used for various purposes, was demolished in 1918. The old Neuhof sheep barn was used as winter quarters for sheep until 1967, but burned to the ground in 1974 after a lightning strike. In their place there is now a modern agricultural utility building.
literature
- Hartmut Gräf: Siglingen, Reichertshausen, Kreßbach - Ein Heimatbuch , Neudenau-Siglingen 1978, pp. 144–158.
Coordinates: 49 ° 19 ′ 11 ″ N , 9 ° 19 ′ 1 ″ E