Newhaven
Newhaven | |||
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Aerial view |
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Basic data | |||
status | Town and Civil Parish | ||
surface | 7.2 km² | ||
population | 12,232 (as of 2011) | ||
Ceremony county | East Sussex | ||
District | Lewes District | ||
Constituency | Lewes | ||
Website: www.newhaventowncouncil.gov.uk |
Newhaven is a port city and at the same time a municipality ( Civil Parish ) in the Lewes District of the English county of East Sussex . Newhaven gained importance through the Newhaven Fort and its ferry connections to France. The River Ouse flows into the English Channel in Newhaven .
history
The first fortification on Castle Mountain on the coast was built during the Bronze Age, and another fortification dates from the time of the Roman occupation of England. In 1548 the fishing village of Meeching was attacked by a French fleet, which is why a cannon was positioned on Castle Hill. Despite the heavy smuggling traffic and the threat posed by the Spanish Armada, no further defensive measures were taken. In 1750 the mouth of the River Ouse was moved to Newhaven by a flood, which is why Meeching was renamed New Haven (New Harbor). Between 1865 and 1871, the Newhaven Fort was built as part of a line of defense on the south coast of England.
Current condition
Overall condition
Newhaven has been facing an economic recession since 1990 . Efforts to improve the situation had the result that the population rose to 11,000 and various construction measures were carried out, but the relocation of businesses, which in most cases took place in protest against the city's maladministration, could not be prevented. Due to the small number of jobs in the city, it has become inevitable for many Newhaven residents to commute.
Infrastructure
Newhaven is connected to Lewes by a railway line. In the urban area of Newhaven there are the stations Newhaven Town , Newhaven Harbor and Newhaven Marine (which, however, is only served by a parliamentary train). The railway line ends in nearby Seaford . The port is owned by French investors. The postal service of Newhaven is also responsible for the nearby towns of South Heigdon and Denton.
Attractions
The main attraction of Newhaven is Newhaven Fort , which is now a military museum. East of Newhaven is the abandoned settlement of Tide Mills, which consists of the remains of a workers' settlement, a mill and a salt works. Near Tide Mills is the Heritage Marine Hospital, which was established in the mid-nineteenth century as a care facility for disabled marines. Also near Tide Mills was the Newhaven Seaplane Base .
A total of 23 buildings and facilities in the municipality are classified as culturally and historically significant. These are the two churches of St. Leonhard and St. Michael and all Angels as listed buildings in Category II * and 19 others in Category II. In addition, there is the above-mentioned fort and several circular moats on Mount Pleasant as a Scheduled Monument .
Son of the city
- William L. Russell (1910–2003), geneticist and radiation biologist
literature
- Parishes: Newhaven. In: LFSalzman (ed.): A History of the County of Sussex: Volume 7, the Rape of Lewes. London 1940, pp. 62-65. (English)
Web links
- Newhaven Town Council , official website (English)
- Newhaven Parish . Statistical data based on the census on the site of the 2011 Office for National Statistics (English)
- Newhaven in the database of the Ordnance Survey (English)
- Newhaven near OPC-Sussex (English)
- Newhaven, Sussex at visionofbritain.org (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Newhaven Parish database query on Historic England's website , conducted on March 27, 2018. (English)
Coordinates: 50 ° 48 ' N , 0 ° 3' E