Nikolai Yakovlevich Matyuchin

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Nikolai Jakowlewitsch Matjuchin ( Russian: Николай Яковлевич Матюхин , English transcription Nikolay Yakovlevich Matyukhin ; * February 8, 1927 , † March 4, 1984 ) was a Soviet computer engineer.

Life

Matjuchin studied at the Moscow Institute for Electrical Engineering (MPEI) in the Faculty of Radio Engineering with his degree in 1950. Despite inventions in the radio engineering field, he was not allowed to continue his research and doctoral studies there, as, according to the language of the time, he was the son of an enemy of the state. Instead, he joined Isaak Bruk's design team , where he was responsible for the practical side of the construction of the Bruk-designed M-1 computer in 1950/51. This was the first Soviet electronic computer with the MESM from Sergei Alexejewitsch Lebedew in Kiev and the Strela from Baschir Ramejew . Bruk and Matyukhin worked independently in secrecy and without knowledge of Lebedev's work. The characteristics of the M-1 were instructions with 2 addresses for the operands, the use of semiconductor logic (diodes) instead of tubes, ordinary teleprinters as input / output units and a memory made of cathode tubes (from oscilloscopes) - there was also a magnetic drum memory (512 words in total) 25 bits each). The M-1 had an output of 20 instructions per second.

The M series was used for purely scientific purposes - the first user was the mathematician Sergei Lvowitsch Sobolew from Kurchatov's laboratory, who used the machine for nuclear reactor calculations.

Matjuchin also led the development of the M-3, a small computer for scientific purposes, which was completed in 1956 (BM Kagan's group at the All-Unions Institute for Electronic Machines was also involved). The computer became the basis of the Minsk series under Georgi Pawlowitsch Lopato (who was also involved in the M-3 development).

Matyukhin continued his work as chief designer of the Institute for Automatic Instrumentation (IAI) of the Ministry of Radio. He led the development of the Tetiva and Iset computers of the second and third generation, which were used in air and missile defense. Air defense computers designed by him were in production from 1965 to 1992. After the introduction of ES computers in the late 1960s, he also adapted their architecture for use in mobile computers and on-board computers in order to achieve standardization in this area as well. Matyukhin also founded a school for automated design of processors.

He introduced microprogramming independently of Maurice Wilkes in England .

In 1976 he received the State Prize of the USSR and in 1979 he became a corresponding member of the Soviet Academy of Sciences .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ He was so poor at the time that Bruk had to lend him a coat so that he could come to the laboratory in winter
  2. ↑ M-1
personal data
SURNAME Matyukhin, Nikolai Jakowlewitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Матюхин, Николай Яковлевич (Russian spelling)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Soviet computer engineer
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1927
DATE OF DEATH 4th March 1984