OBERIU
OBERIU (Russian ОБЭРИУ - Объединение реального искусства, "Association of Real Art") was an avant-garde artists' association in St. Petersburg. OBERIU was founded in 1927 and existed until it was banned by the state in 1930. In their manifesto , the Oberiuts demanded, among other things, equal rights for different art movements. Well-known members were Daniil Charms and Alexander Vvedensky .
history
OBERIU was founded in 1927 by Daniil Charms , Alexander Vwedenski and Nikolai Sabolozki . The "U" in the abbreviation OBERIU was added "from joke, as a parody of all" isms "".
The artistic - mostly literary - work of the Oberiuts was characterized by absurd - grotesque ideas and had a high provocative potential in the conservative, early Stalinist environment of the late 1920s. Many Oberiuts were subjected to severe state reprisals and were imprisoned. Some of the members also belonged to other avant-garde associations, for example the Tschinari .
According to its manifesto, OBERIU was divided into four sections: literature, visual arts, theater and film.
In April 1930 the communist government declared OBERIU to be subversive. The work of the Oberiuts remained unknown for a long time. Russian emigration and Western Slavic studies only found out from the Oberiuts after their legal rehabilitation in 1956 (“ de-Stalinization ”), when friends referred to their work and texts from private archives were sent abroad.
Members
- Igor Bachterew (1908-1996)
- Daniil Charms (1905-1942, starved to death in prison)
- Jakow Druskin (died 1980)
- Dojwber Lewin , actually Boris Michailowitsch Lewin, (1904–1942)
- Klimenti Minz (1908–1995)
- Aleksandr Razumovsky (1907–1980)
- Nikolai Sabolozki (1903-1958)
- Konstantin Waginow (1899–1934, died of tuberculosis)
- Alexander Wwedensky (1904–1941, died while transporting prisoners)
The editor of well-known children's magazines, Nikolai Oleinikow , was close to the Oberiuten. He was arrested and shot by the NKVD in 1937 . The writer Leonid Lipawski , a member of the Tschinari group of writers , died in the war in 1941. Druskin rescued the archive of the arrested Daniil Charms in besieged Leningrad at risk of death and handed down so many texts and names of the Oberiuts.
literature
- Aleksandr S. Kušner: Poety group "OBERIU". Sovetsky pisatel '. St. Petersburg 1994. ISBN 5-265-02520-0 .
- Graham Roberts: The last Soviet avant-garde. OBERIU - fact, fiction, metafiction . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1997, ISBN 0-521-48283-6 .
- Lisanne Sauerwald: Mystical-Hermetic Aspects in the Art Thought of the Russian Poets of the Absurd. Ergon, Würzburg 2010. ISBN 978-3-89913-812-2 .
Web links
- The OBERIU manifesto (in Russian)
- Article by the Oberiuts in the literary-philosophical journal "Logos" 1993, 4 (in Russian)
- The source we drink from : Olga Martynova on Oberiuten in the Neue Zürcher Zeitung, February 17, 2007
Individual evidence
- ↑ Incidents . Luchterhand Collection, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-630-62049-3 , p. 353.
- ↑ The spring from which we drink . NZZ, February 17, 2007