Substrate spawners

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Spawn of the Moderlieschen ( Leucaspius delineatus ) deposited in ribbons on wood

As a substrate spawners or detention spawners are called fish , their eggs on a solid surface, so to a spawning substrate attach such as stones, wood or plant leaves. Species that do not attach their eggs to a substrate, but actively introduce them into the gravel sediment ( hyporheic interstitial ) are called interstitial spawners . Furthermore, species can be distinguished that only lay their eggs on the substrate and those that then pursue brood care. The latter type of substrate spawning can be found e.g. B. among the cichlids (Cichlidae), the damselfish (Pomacentridae) and armor catfish (Loricariidae). In substrate spawners, the number of eggs is usually much lower than in free-range spawners , as they are deposited in protected locations and may be protected by the parents.

Open breeders and hide-out spawners

The substrate spawners, adhesive spawners or substrate breeders are divided into two large groups: open breeders and hideout spawners :

  • The open brooders lay their eggs openly on an area that has usually been thoroughly cleaned beforehand. They usually have transparent spawn. The depositing point is a hollow or a vertical or an inclined surface (stone, roots, plants).
  • Hidden spawners (also known as cave breeders) prefer caves or roots and lay their eggs protected from enemy eyes. The eggs of the cave breeders are often conspicuous in color.

Spawning substrates

While species such as roach and bream do not require a special spawning substrate, phytophilic species attach their eggs to vegetable and lithophilic species to coarse, gravelly spawning substrate. Artificial spawning substrates such as a wool mob are also used in the aquarium hobby.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Christoph Hauer, Wolfgang Obruca, Beatrice Wagner, Helmut Habersack: Ecological importance of solids and water morphological structures in the vicinity of small hydropower plants. In: Österreichische Wasser- und Abfallwirtschaft , 2016, Vol. 68, Issue 11, pp. 545–553.
  2. ↑ David Alderton: Fish for Aquarium and Pond. Doling Kindersley Verlag, ISBN 3-8310-0669-5
  3. ↑ HM Peters, Sylvia Berns: The mouth brood care of the cichlids: Investigations on the evolution of a behavior pattern . In: Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research . tape 20 , no. 1 , 1983, p. 18-52 , doi : 10.1111 / j.1439-0469.1983.tb00548.x .
  4. ↑ a b c Jörg Vierke: Forms of brood care for fish ( Memento of the original from August 7, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.fischreisen.de archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . In: Fischreisen. Accessed May 2011.
  5. ↑ http://www.buntbarsch.ch/images/aquaristik/cichliden_arten/Aufzucht/offenbrueter.htm  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Accessed May 2011.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.buntbarsch.ch  
  6. ↑ http://www.aquarium-guide.de/lexikon_o.htm . Accessed May 2011.
  7. ↑ http://www.aquarium-guide.de/lexikon_v.htm . Accessed May 2011.
  8. ↑ A. Lelek, G. Buhse: Fish of the Rhine: - then and now. Springer, 1992, ISBN 978-3540538141S. 31.
  9. ↑ Hans Herbert Boeck: Blue eyes: Butterflies in the aquarium. Nature and Animals, 2012, ISBN 978-3866591660

See also

literature