Oligacanthorhynchidae
| Oligacanthorhynchidae | ||||||||||||
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Oligacanthorhynchidae | ||||||||||||
| Southwell & Macfie , 1925 |
The Oligacanthorhynchidae are a family of scratchworms with obligatory host changes that parasitize land vertebrates and birds as full-grown intestinal parasites . These are large to very large species with body lengths of a few centimeters to 70 centimeters in the case of the giant scraper ( Macracanthorhynchus hirudinaceus ), which lives in the intestines of pigs and can also affect humans.
features
The Oligacanthorhynchidae have a smooth or transversely furrowed body, which can be ventrally curved or rolled up. The proboscis (proboscis) is relatively small in relation to the body and is egg-shaped to spherical. It has six or seven spiral rows of hooks, each consisting of five to eight hooks, with the hooks on the trunk base being particularly small. Corresponding to the small proboscis, the proboscis sheath and the Leminiski are also relatively short.
The females, like all Archiacanthocephala, have a dorsal and a ventral ligament sac in the pseudocoel , the walls of which do not dissolve in contrast to those of the Palaeacanthocephala. The particularly large species of the Oligacanthorhynchidae have protonephridia , which distinguishes them from all other scratchworms. The eight cement glands of the males are arranged in pairs and built compactly.
The eggs are oval with a thick, multi-layered egg shell and have a surface with a clear structure.
Way of life
The Oligacanthorhynchidae have a complete terrestrial life cycle, so they are not dependent on aquatic intermediate hosts. The final hosts are mainly birds and mammals, with insects and Myriapoda as intermediate hosts . For example, the larvae of various scarab beetles , especially May , June or rose beetles, are the intermediate hosts of the giant scratcher that triggers macracanthorhynchosis in pigs .
literature
- Theodor Hiepe, Renate Buchwalder, Siegfried Nickel: Textbook of Parasitology. Volume 3: Veterinary Helminthology. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena 1985; Pages 393-394
