Olshevia
The Olschewien is a special form of the Aurignacien (33,000–26,000 years BC). It is named after the Olschewa mountain with the rich potočka zijalka cave located at 1700 m in the eastern Karawanken in Slovenia . Since the find inventory differed in some details from other stations of the Aurignacien, Josef Bayer saw a special form at the site in 1929, which he called the Olschewakultur. It was considered the most recent element of the “Alpine Paleolithic” in chronological terms. Some pieces show typical features of the older Middle Paleolithic techno complex des Moustérien .
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The Olschewa group almost exclusively left traces in higher caves, where they could only penetrate in the more favorable section of the Würm Ice Age . Today it is assumed that it is not an independent cultural group, but seasonal hunting groups, of which only a few stone tools and about 130 bone tips ( Lautscher tips ) were found. From the time known from the new excavations, it must be concluded that the bone artifacts in the cave were produced at the same time as in the Neanderthal discovery site in the Vindija cave in northern Croatia, 150 km away . The Potočka Cave is by far the most artefact-rich cave in the Alps . In order to solve the fundamental question of cultural affiliation and dating, it is important that the Mokriska-jama cave corresponds to the Potočka zijalka to a high degree. The appearance of perforated bones is noticeable in both. Likewise, the protolithic bone industry is represented in both caves by numerous and typical specimens.
literature
- Martina Pacher: The Pleistocene cave discovery site Potocka Zijalka in Slovenia. In: Geol. Paleont. Mitt. Innsbruck , Volume 23 (1998), pp. 67-75, ISSN 0378-6870 . ( online )
Web links
- A high alpine hunting station for the Neanderthal man. The Potocka Cave (Slovenia) . Press release from the Faculty of Science and Engineering at the University of Vienna (2000)