Operation clean-up

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The Operation Clean-up was an armed military secret program run by the Sindh police and the Pakistan Rangers was conducted with the support of the Pakistani army and the related intelligence .

overview

The Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM) is a left-wing, liberal party founded by Altaf Hussain in 1984, who was a student at Karachi University in the 1970s. According to Mirza Beg, the MQM has had the support of General Mohammed Zia-ul-Haq since it was founded in 1984 . Zia's support was aimed at curbing the influence of the Jel in Karachi and the PPP in rural Sindh. However, this view was rejected by Imran Farooq . The MQM became part of the technocratic government of Zia ul Haq after the parliamentary elections in Pakistan in 1985 . The MQM took part in the parliamentary elections in Pakistan in 1988 after the death of Zia ul Haq and became part of the government of Benazir Bhutto . The deportation of the Biharis led to conflicts in the PPP and MQM-led government. The MQM was in favor of a vote of no confidence in Benazir Bhutto. Political unrest in Karachi intensified in 1988 when police officers shot Muhajir. The incidents in Karachi led to the detachment of Bhutto and her government. The MQM was again part of the government after the parliamentary elections in Pakistan in 1990 . However, there were political differences in parts of the MQM. Operation Clean-up was codenamed in 1992 as a crackdown on troublemakers in rural Sindh. The operation should be carried out for six months. The operation was pursued again by Benazir Bhutto after the parliamentary elections in Pakistan in 1993 . Benazir Bhutto renamed the operation Blue Fox and sought to make the operation more aggressive. The unrest in Karachi continued. The idea of ​​an operation was formulated during the reign of Nawaz Sharif . Operation Clean-up was planned and carried out under Bhutto. Bhutto got the support of the army and the secret services. The government also received a briefing on the escalating unrest in Karachi. Operation Clean-up continued until June 1994. Operation Clean-up was in its final phase in 1994 and Bhutto held a meeting with the army and representatives from Sindh to determine the modalities of the operation. The year 1994 is considered to be the bloodiest year in Karachi. Many people died in the clashes or disappeared without a trace. In 1996, Benazir Bhutto used counterinsurgency funds to calm the situation in Karachi. She succeeded in doing this too. Bhutto's brother, Murtaza Bhutto, was shot dead because of the riots in Karachi. Operation Clean-up led to the dissolution of Benazir Bhutto's government by President Farooq Leghari. The MQM achieved good results in the parliamentary elections in Pakistan in 1997 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Nadeem Paracha: Born to run: The rise and leveling of the APMSO . In: Dawn Newspapers , August 23, 2012. Retrieved May 29, 2013. 
  2. ^ Press Trust of India: Zia had founded MQM, says Beg . In: Indian Express , May 28, 2007. Retrieved May 29, 2013. 
  3. ↑ Khalid Hasan: Zia formed the MQM: General Beg . In: Daily Times Pakistan , May 27, 2007. Retrieved May 29, 2013.