Opoltschenije
The Opoltschenije was a Reichswehr to be called up in Russia by the law of January 13, 1874 when general conscription was introduced in case of war.
The Opoltschenije consisted of the entire martial male population between the ages of 21 and 43 who did not belong to the standing army . The following were set up:
- Druzhines on foot
- riding Sotnia (from Russian sot = one hundred, hundred )
- riding batteries
- Companies for the fortress artillery
- Companies for sappers
The Opoltschenije was intended in particular to replace the reserve troops . As an exception, it could also be united to form a field army . In the Russian part of Poland no People's Militia was set up. Corresponding lists were already kept during peacetime for the filling of officer positions . The officers, up to and including company, sotnia and battery commanders, were appointed from previous officers. The lower positions could also be filled with former NCOs who could prove sufficient education. In order to facilitate the formation, tribes of at least two men for each company, sotnie and battery already existed during peacetime, and they had to participate in the training of the teams called up for exercises every year.
Opoltschenije is also the self-designation used by pro-Russian fighters in eastern Ukraine .
literature
- N. Ogarkow and others: Sovetskaya wojennaja enziklopedija: Obekty-Radiokompas . Wojenisdat, Moscow 1978, pp. 71-73. (Russian)
- A. Gorkin: Wojenny enziklopeditscheski slowar: Tom 2 . Bolschaja rossijskaja enziklopedija, 2001, p. 225. ISBN 978-5-7905-0994-0 (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ ЗАХАРЧЕНКО: СРЕДИ ОПОЛЧЕНЦЕВ ЕСТЬ 3-4 ТЫСЯЧИ ДОБРОВОЛЬЦЕВ ИЗ РОССИИ ( Memento of 3 September 2014 Internet Archive ), Kharkov News Agency on August 28, 2014