Orbiniidae
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
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| Hartman , 1942 |
Orbiniidae is the name of a species-rich family of Vielborstern (Polychaeta), which are found in oceans worldwide as detritus from the coastal strip to the deep sea.
features
The multi-bristle of the Orbiniidae family have an elongated, thread-like to robust body that is a few millimeters to 30 cm long in adult animals. The segmented body is divided into the shorter thorax, whose segments have lateral, simply branched parapodies with well-developed lobes, and the longer abdomen, in which both parapodia with longer, slimmer lobes and gills sit on the back of the segments. The prostomium (head lobe), which is followed by two bristle-free ringlets, has no appendages whatsoever, while the ring-shaped peristomium can be bare or covered with bristles. The ventrally located pharynx has no teeth and is sack-shaped or branched when it is everted. The bristles are capillary-like, branched or thorn-like and only rarely hook-shaped.
Most species of the Orbiniidae are sexually separated with external fertilization. One and a half to 22 days after fertilization, larvae hatch, go through a free swimming phase of 1 to 20 days depending on the species and live on yolk reserves. During metamorphosis into a creeping worm, the larva has 3 to 12 segments, depending on the species.
The Orbiniidae feed on detritus and microorganisms - including diatoms and chamberlings - which they either graze on the substrate or ingest by swallowing sediment particles.
Some sample styles
One of the most common species in the family is the cosmopolitan gill ringworm ( Scoloplos armed ). Other species common in the northern Atlantic are Orbinia norvegica , Orbinia sertulata, and Orbinia latreillii .
Genera
The Orbiniidae family is divided into 20 genera :
- Berkeleyia Hartman, 1971
- Califia Hartman, 1957
- Leitoscoloplos Day, 1977
- Leodamas Kinberg, 1866
- Microrbinia Hartman, 1965
- Naineris Blainville, 1828
- Orbinia Quatrefages, 1866
- Orbiniella Day, 1954
- Paraorbiniella Rullier, 1974
- Pettibonella Solis-Weiss & Fauchald, 1989
- Phylo Kinberg, 1866
- Proscoloplos Day, 1954
- Protoaricia Czerniavsky, 1881
- Protoariciella Hartmann-Schröder, 1962
- Questa Hartman, 1966
- Schroederella Laubier, 1962
- Scoloplella Day, 1963
- Scoloplos Blainville, 1828
- Scoloplosia Rullier, 1972
- Uncorbinia Hartmann-Schröder, 1979
literature
- Stanley J. Edmonds: Fauna of Australia, Volume 4A. Polychaetes & Allies. The Southern Synthesis 4. Commonwealth of Australia, 2000. Class Polychaeta. Pp. 103-107, Family Orbiniidae.
Web links
- G. Read (2004): About Family Orbiniidae polychaetes in New Zealand.
- MJ de Kluijver et al .: Orbiniidae Hartman, 1942. Macrobenthos of the North Sea - Polychaeta, Marine Species Identification Portal
Individual evidence
- ↑ Orbiniidae Hartman, 1942. WoRMS , 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2018.