Orbital friction welding

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Orbital friction welding is a friction welding process .

Procedure

In contrast to the closely related rotational friction welding , the parts here do not have to be rotationally symmetrical. The energy supply is introduced by a relative movement of the parts to be joined, by means of a circular oscillating movement of both parts or one of the parts, similar to an orbital sander. The parts do not rotate with respect to one another. The alignment of the axes therefore remains the same. In orbital friction welding, also called “single orbital friction welding” according to ISO 15620, only one of the components vibrates; with "multi-orbital friction welding" both components. An orbital relative movement also occurs when both components rotate with an offset in the same direction.

application areas

The process is a new manufacturing technology for high-quality metal and plastic connections and has only been used for a few years in Germany in the automotive supply industry for series parts. The greatest advantages of friction welding are the diverse material combinations. Orbital friction welding removes the restriction to rotationally symmetrical parts and enables almost any part cross-section. Possible joining geometries are flat-band connections, angular hollow profiles, extruded profiles, housing parts and other connections to non-rotating parts.

Possible material combinations:

restrictions

The process limit is reached in the case of unfavorable component geometries, for example with poor clamping properties of the parts and high part weight, as well as with thin-walled profiles, but also with materials that do not match.

In friction welding, a weld bead is usually created by the material displaced during pressing. A removal of the welding bead by turning it with a turning tool in the machine is not possible due to the orbital movement of the components. This should be achieved by a die in an automated unclamping process.

machinery

The machines used are similar to the rotary friction welding machines. A rotating movement is transmitted to the so-called orbital plate via eccentric shafts. The clamping there holds the parts to be joined. There is no need for an enclosure to prevent blown parts from breaking through, as is necessary with rotary friction welding machines, since the acceleration of loose parts is not critical due to the usually small amplitudes of approx. 1.5 mm. Noise protection measures are recommended. Compared to linear friction welding machines, which are also not restricted to rotationally symmetrical parts, the structure is considerably smaller and simpler. This has a significant effect on the acquisition costs. In recent years, series-ready machines have been developed in which the machine structure and machine control are optimized in such a way that orbital, multi-orbital and linear relative movement of the parts to be joined is possible via simple inputs on the control panel.

swell

  1. ↑ DIN e. V .: Welding technology 6: Beam welding, stud welding, friction welding, standards, leaflets 3rd edition, Verlag Beuth, 2009, ISBN 978-3-410-17186-7 .
  2. ↑ Bavarian Research Foundation: Orbital friction welding - a new key technology for joining metallic materials .
  3. ↑ Frequently Asked Questions: What is Orbital Friction Welding?

literature

  • Dieter Maser: Suitability of friction welding for joining thermally and thermo-chemically treated steel components . Shaker Verlag, January 6, 1995, ISBN 3-826-50334-1 .
  • Frank Trommer: Investigations into orbital friction welding for selected metal materials . Shaker Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-8440-0546-2 .

Web links