Osterhusischer accord
The Osterhusische accord is one of Enno III. on May 21, 1611 in Osterhusen with the mediation of the Dutch States General signed agreement with the revolting East Frisian estates of the county of East Frisia . The Osterhusische Akkord once again confirmed previous state treaties and laid down the sovereignty of the estates in legislation, tax collection and jurisdiction. Its provisions regulated the relationship between the count and the estates (and especially the city of Emden ).
background
Internal political differences between Count Enno III. and the city of Emden, despite repeated attempts at unification, such as the settlement of Delfzijl of 1595 and the Hague settlement of 1603, since 1609 the Emden estate garrison took military action against the count. This led to the occupation of Aurich and Greetsiel by the corporate troops.
The chord
Under the pressure and mediation of the Dutch States General (as a guaranteeing power) a contract was concluded between the count and the estates at a general parliament in Osterhusen on May 21, 1611, which regulates the mutual relationship. On 34 sheets of parchment, 91 articles in the Dutch language contained an extensive restriction of the count's powers. Among other things, the tax sovereignty of the estates was confirmed and a large degree of independence for Emden within the county was agreed. In addition, the count's court court was placed under the supervision of the estates, the dues of the farmers to the sovereign were limited and the right of the regional communities to be able to freely choose their dike and sewage judges was included in the contract.
The contractual partners
The contract, which was written in Dutch, was signed by Count Enno III, four representatives of the nobility, one representative each from the cities of Emden, Aurich and Norden, one representative of the third estate, the peasantry, and seven Dutch delegates.
Albert Joachim, Ritzke van Ringie, Abel Coenders, Johann Biel, Bartholt Cromholt, Willem Borre van Amerongen, and Hendrik Benting signed the treaty for the States General.
The knighthood sent Philipp Wilhelm von Innhausen and Knyphausen , Joos Haene, Scotto Beninga , and Henrich Dieffenbruch to Osterhusen. The cities were represented by Menso Alting (Emden), Bernhard Aschebergen (Norden) and Michael Buttermann (Aurich), while the peasantry was the third estate of their syndic, Dr. Sixtus von Amama gave the mandate.
consequences
With the “Osterhusischen accord” the county of East Friesland basically became a representative democracy . The counts and princes of East Frisia were financially completely dependent on the estates in the following period. Because of this importance, it is often referred to as the " Magna Charta " of the East Frisian estates. Five originals of the Osterhusian accord have survived to this day. Four are in the Lower Saxony State Archives (Aurich site) (one of them on paper), another in the Emden City Archives .
Osterhusen
The place where the contract was signed was chosen carefully. Osterhusen was considered a neutral area, while Emden, a stronghold of the opposition, was eliminated, as was Hinte, only a few kilometers away, because the owners of the castle there , the von Frese family, were advisors to the East Frisian counts of Cirksena . The good transport connections also spoke in favor of Osterhusen. At that time the place was on the Poststrasse from Aurich to Emden and was easy to reach for everyone involved. And so the contracting parties met on May 21, 1611 in a farmhouse that is said to have stood directly at the confluence of the road to Canhusen with the Postweg. There is only a description of the Accordhaus. The old farmhouse collapsed in 1712. A year later it was rebuilt and provided with an inscription plaque in Dutch commemorating the historical event. In Dutch it read : Het oude Huis waerin het Oisterhuisische Accordt anno 1611 opgericht is vervallen synd is op dese wyse vernieut anno 1712 (The old house in which the Osterhusische Accord was closed in 1611 is open after it had expired renewed this way in 1712).
This building burned to the ground in 1881 and was then demolished. Only the inscription plaque remained, which is exhibited today in the East Frisian State Museum in Emden. Since May 22, 2011, a memorial in Osterhusen commemorates the signing of the contract. It is modeled on the silhouette of the accord house and contains a copy of the plaque.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c FVV Hinte e. V., Arbeitskreis Osterhusischer Accord (Ed.): Festschrift 400 Years of the Osterhusischer Accord May 21, 1611. P. 36f.
- ↑ Hans-Michael Heise: The armed East Frisians in the time of counts and princes. A treatise on the military constitution in practice . P. 12
- ^ Herbert Reyer : A kind of "Magna Charta": The Osterhusische Akkord of May 21, 1611 . In: Harlinger Heimatkalender on the year 1992, 43rd year, Wittmund u. Esens 1991, pp. 37-40.
- ↑ Magdalene Jaenicke: The meaning of the "Osterhusischen Accord" , viewed on May 16, 2011.
- ↑ FVV Hinte e. V., Arbeitskreis Osterhusischer Accord (Ed.): Festschrift 400 Years of the Osterhusischer Accord May 21, 1611. P. 35f.