POM-1
| POM-1 | |
|---|---|
| General Information | |
| Designation: | POM-1 |
| Type: | Anti-personnel mine |
| Country of origin: |
.svg){kind=small} Soviet Union
|
| Commissioning: | 1980s |
| Technical specifications | |
| Combat weight: | 0.75 kilograms |
| Charge: | 0.10 kilograms of TNT |
| Diameter: | 80.2 millimeters |
| Detonator: | Draft fuse |
| Lists on the subject | |
The POM-1 ( Russian ПОМ-1 short for противопехотная осколочная мина , anti-personnel fragmentation mine) is a remotely deployable anti-personnel mine made in Russia.
description
The POM-1 was introduced to the Soviet armed forces in the early 1980s. POM-1 has a circular cast iron mine body . Four aerodynamic ribs are attached to the mine body. The mine can be green, gray or brown and is triggered by tripwires. The mine has an anti-lift device. The POM-1 is an almost exact copy of the US BLU-42 cluster mine.
variants
- POM-1: 1st series version.
- POM-1S: With additional time fuse. Self-neutralization after 1–40 hours.
Use and function
Eight mines are housed in a CSR-1 cassette. These cassettes have an ejection charge for the mines and are remotely deployed by vehicles or helicopters. When it is ejected from the cassette, a safety pin is pulled on the mine and the pyrotechnic sharpening sequence is activated. The mine begins to rotate due to the draft that sweeps over the aerodynamic ribs. If the mine rotates at a certain speed, centrifugal force flings away two crosses, exposing the openings for the tripwires. After the mine fell to the ground and came to rest, the 6 m long trip wires are ejected by means of coil springs . The eight tripwires have small weights and barbs at the ends . The mine is sharp 60-90 seconds after being ejected from the cartridge. As soon as one of the tripwires experiences a pull and thereby changes the angle of the mine by 15-20 °, it detonates immediately. The effect of the fragmentation is 4–6 m. Injuries can occur up to a distance of 30 m. The POM-1S version has a neutralization system. If the mine is not triggered by the tripwire, the igniter will be deactivated after a maximum of 40 hours due to the insufficient battery voltage. If the deactivation is to take place earlier, the igniter will be deactivated by a short circuit at a preselected time (min. 1 hour) . You can't tell from the outside of the mine whether it's sharp or neutral.
Deployment systems
- SCM-1 / VSM-1: Spreader container with 145 refills (29 CSR-1 cassettes) for use from helicopters.
- KMGU : Spreading container for 192 mines (48 KPOM-1S cassettes with 4 mines each) for use from airplanes and helicopters.
- PCM-1 / HMS-1: Throwing device for a single CSR-1 cassette. Can be used by a single soldier. Creates a minefield measuring 18 × 20 m.
- UMP: Spreader container for use from trucks
- UGMZ: Spreader container for use from armored vehicles
commitment
The POM-1 mines were used in Afghanistan and probably in Laos . Most of the mines were scattered with helicopters. A Mi-8 helicopter with four SCM-1 spreading containers with a total of 928 mines can lay a minefield of 30 × 2,000 m. This took him 3-4 minutes.
The short service life of the batteries for the detonators proved to be a disadvantage. According to the manufacturer, the storage time in the depot was max. ten years. In cold warehouses, however, the batteries discharge after 2-3 years. Another disadvantage was the highly sensitive electromechanical detonator. The mine could be detonated by tufts of grass that touched the tripwires or even by gusts of wind . The mine often got caught on branches with the tripwires. Furthermore, it was not possible to tell whether a POM-1S mine had neutralized itself or whether it was still sharp. For these reasons, the POM-1 was replaced by the more reliable POM-2 mine in the late 1980s . With the end of the Cold War, the POM-1 stocks in Russia were depleted .
See also
Web links
- POM-1 at Saper.ru (Russian)
- POM-1 at a-popov.livejournal.com (Russian)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e European Explosive Ordnance Disposal Association: Rifle fragmentation mine with self-destruction POM-1 and POM-1S (pdf, German)
- ^ Afghanistan Ordnance Identification Guide. In: jmu.edu. Center for International Stabilization and Recovery, accessed December 13, 2016 .
- ↑ Противопехотная мина ПОМ-1. In: Topwar. topwar.ru, November 26, 2015, accessed May 24, 2017 (Russian).