Padang cuisine
The Minangkabau kitchen is in the world as Padang cuisine (also Masakan or Makanan Padang known). The Minangkabau dishes are mainly known through the restaurants in Padang , the capital of the home province of the Minangkabau in West Sumatra. Padang's restaurants offer spicy meat-based dishes and are touted in travel guides as an element of Indonesian culture.
Rice, fish, coconut and chilli as well as lots of vegetables are the basic ingredients of the Minangkabau meals. Coconut is the main source of fat in their diet. The traditional combination of rice, fish and coconut in the Minangkabau culture goes back hundreds of years. The food is usually prepared at noon and should be eaten as lunch and dinner that day and as breakfast the following morning.
Food culture
Meat, especially beef and chicken, is mainly prepared for special occasions. Muslim Minangkabau people do not eat pork. Lamb, goat and game are eaten less often depending on taste preference and availability. Rendang , a popular meat dish, is one of the signature dishes of the Minangkabau food culture. Vegetables are consumed daily, while fruits are mainly consumed seasonally, with fruits such as bananas, papaya and citrus fruits available year-round. Almost all foods consumed by the Minangkabau can be cooked with coconut milk. Fried foods in coconut oil are considered a daily staple food. Dried coconut products are an ingredient in food or are used almost daily as snacks.
A 1999 study found that although food preparation has not changed and taste preferences differed only slightly between the young and old generations, the preference for food has changed dramatically, reflected in the increased percentage of energy consumption over the past 15 years reflected. It became clear that the use of coconut encourages the consumption of fish and vegetables and the traditional use of coconut products is unlikely to pose a health problem.
breakfast
Breakfast is either sweet or warm and can include chili peppers. Hot breakfast items are usually leftovers from the night before, with oatmeal ( lontong ) and vegetables in coconut milk or fried rice. Sweet food is made from fried banana with boiled sticky rice , with dried young coconut or mung beans cooked with coconut milk and sweetened with brown sugar, or some types of traditional cakes made from cassava, rice or wheat flour. Drinks are water, tea or coffee. A drink called teh-telur (also called teh talua ), a mixture of raw egg and tea, is usually a part of breakfast for Minangkabau men. Milk is rarely consumed. A western breakfast like bread and butter is not common.
Lunch and dinner
The core ingredient of lunch and dinner is rice, as well as cassava , corn, sago or noodles. The Mentawai Islands consume more sago, while the eastern part of Indonesia (some parts of Sulawesi and Malucca) consume corn. Noodles, especially instant noodles, are considered to be a novel food that has become popular in recent years. The source of protein that most Minangkabau consume on a daily basis is fish. Other sources of protein are tofu or tempe and eggs. Meat is mainly prepared for special occasions.
Snack in between
Snacks can be hot or cold. Hot snacks are more filling, flavorful, and large servings. They can be consumed in the morning or afternoon as a dessert or between two main meals. Coconut milk is often used in a dessert made with sticky rice, cassava, rice flour, wheat flour, and mung beans, and is sweetened with sugar or brown sugar.
In the villages, snacks are only served between lunch and dinner during harvest time for those who work in the rice field. In the suburbs, snacks are more varied and common.
In Ramadan , snacks are served before the main menu for dinner.
Examples
- Lontong : cold solid rice porridge cut into compact squares. eaten with young jackfruit or other vegetables cooked with coconut milk
- Tapai pulut : Fermented red sticky rice
- Nasi Kuning : Glutinous rice cooked or steamed in coconut milk colored with turmeric
- Lepat Bugis : rice flour mixed with desiccated coconut and sugar, covered with banana leaves, then steamed
- Onde-onde : round sticky rice flour and water; Filled with brown sugar in the center, cooked, coated with desiccated coconut
- Kue talam : rice flour, coconut milk, brown sugar steamed in a square shape.
- Kolak Manioc : cooked with coconut milk, sweetened with brown sugar, can be mixed with banana or mung beans
- Kerupuk balado : cassava fried in oil, rolled in grated chili and sugar
- Tapai Ubi : Fermented cassava
- Tumbang : balls of boiled manioc, filled with brown sugar in the middle, coated with desiccated coconut.
- Pisang Goreng : Fried banana, coated with flour, eaten with cooked sticky rice with coconut
- Nagasari : Small banana slices mixed with rice flour, sugar, covered with banana leaves, steamed
- Sate : beef cooked with spices, cut into small slices and grilled, eaten with lontong and rice flour sauce
- Soto: beef soup cooked with spices and herbs, eaten with rice
- Martabak Kubang : Beef mixed with wheat flour and spices, herbs and mixed with a little cooking oil.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Khoon Choy Lee: A Fragile Nation: The Indonesian Crisis . World Scientific, 1999, ISBN 978-981-02-4003-5 , pp. 263 ( google.de [accessed on August 15, 2020]).
- ↑ a b Wimal Dissanayake: Colonialism and Nationalism in Asian Cinema . Indiana University Press, 1994, ISBN 978-0-253-11647-5 , pp. 164 ( google.com [accessed August 15, 2020]).
- ^ Lisa Klopfer: Padang restaurants: Creating “ethnic” cuisine in Indonesia . In: Food and Foodways . tape 5 , no. 3 , April 1, 1993, ISSN 0740-9710 , p. 293-304 , doi : 10.1080 / 07409710.1993.9962009 .
- ↑ a b Only I. Lipoeto, Zulkarnain Agus, Fadil Oenzil, Mukhtar Masrul, Naiyana Wattanapenpaiboon: Contemporary Minangkabau food culture in West Sumatra, Indonesia . In: Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition . tape 10 , no. 1 , 2001, ISSN 1440-6047 , p. 10-16 , doi : 10.1046 / j.1440-6047.2001.00201.x ( wiley.com [accessed August 15, 2020]).
- ^ A b c d Contemporary Minangkabau food culture in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Retrieved on August 15, 2020 .