Pagodulina austeniana
| Pagodulina austeniana | ||||||||||||
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Pagodula austeniana |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pagodulina austeniana | ||||||||||||
| Nevill , 1880 |
Pagodula austeniana , also known as the southern Alps pagoda snail, is a species of snail belonging to the family of the barrel snail (Orculidae), which is classified as a subordinate of the land snail (Stylommatophora).
features
The egg-shaped case is 3.2 mm high and 2.0 mm wide. It has up to eight well-curved turns. The last turn rises in the last quarter towards the mouth and almost reaches the seam of the penultimate turn. It is light brown in color, the surface has moderately dense, lamellar-like ribs at regular intervals. The ribs become narrower towards the mouth. The mouth lip is slightly bent outwards and very fragile. Deep in the mouth, and not visible in the mouth view, there is a long palatal fold. There is always a shorter palatine fold under this fold. Often, but not in all individuals, there is a third, shorter palatal fold above the long palate fold. The case has a closed umbilicus.
In the male tract of the sexual apparatus, the spermatic duct enters the epiphallus apically, which forms a thickening shortly after the entry of the spermatic duct. The epiphallus is significantly shorter than the penis. The blind sac ( caecum ) at the epiphallus / penis transition is initially quite thick and ends in a short hostage-shaped forecourt. It only reaches half the length of the epiphallus. The retractor muscle attaches to the distal part of the epiphallus, only a short distance from where the epiphallus joins the penis. In the female part, the vagina is longer than the free fallopian tube. Shortly after branching off from the fallopian tube, the stem of the spermathec is initially very thick, then has a swelling or, in some cases, a second swelling, and then becomes significantly thinner. The bladder is oblong-ovoid. About a third of the way from the swelling to the bladder, a long, thin diverticulum branches off, which is longer than the rest of the stalk, including the bladder.
Similar species
Compared to Pagodulina pagodula and Pagodulina subdola, the casing is clearly ovoid, not cylindrical. The ribs are a little less dense. In contrast to these two types, which develop only one fold of the palate, Pagodulina austeniana has at least two folds of the palate, often a third fold.
Geographical distribution and habitat
The distribution area of the species is limited to the southwest and southern Alps. In the east the distribution area in Switzerland extends to southern Ticino, in northern Italy to Lake Garda.
It lives in moist and shady habitats in forests between rocks. It rises to 1700 m.
Taxonomy
The taxon was first described by Geoffroy Nevill in 1880 as Pupa (Sphyradium) austeniana . The species is now part of the genus Pagodulina .
Danger
The species is endangered in Switzerland. Overall, however, there is not enough data to assess future developments ("data deficient").
supporting documents
literature
- Michael P. Kerney, Robert AD Cameron & Jürgen H. Jungbluth: The land snails of Northern and Central Europe. 384 pp., Paul Parey, Hamburg & Berlin 1983 ISBN 3-490-17918-8 (p. 105)
- Edmund Gittenberger: Contributions to the knowledge of the Pupillacea VIII. Some about Orculidae. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 163: 3-44, 1978 PDF
- Francisco W. Welter-Schultes: European non-marine molluscs, a guide for species identification = identification book for European land and freshwater mollusks. A1-A3 S., 679 S., Q1-Q78 S., Planet Poster Ed., Göttingen 2012, ISBN 3-933922-75-5 , ISBN 978-3-933922-75-5
On-line
Individual evidence
- ^ Website of Robert Nordsieck: Family Orculidae
- ↑ Nevill, G. 1880. On the land-shells, extinct and living, of the neighborhood of Menton (Alpes Maritimes); with descriptions of a new genus and of several new species. - Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London 1880: 94-142 Online at www.biodiversitylibrary.com (p. 130) Taf. 13, Fig. 9, 9a, 9b
- ↑ Fauna Europaea: Pagodulina austeniana
- ↑ Federal Office for the Environment: Red List of Molluscs (Snails and Mussels) Endangered Species in Switzerland, as of 2010. Federal Office for the Environment FOEN and the Swiss Center for the Cartography of Fauna, Bern, 2012 Page no longer available , search in web archives: PDF
- ↑ Pagodulina austeniana in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011.11. Posted by: Rüetschi, J. & Gargominy, O., 2010. Accessed May 31, 2014.