Parliament of Hokkaido
The parliament of Hokkaidō ( 北海道 議会 , Hokkaidōgikai ; short 道 議会 , dōgikai , "prefecture parliament", which is clear in Japanese because the Hokkaidō is the only dō among the prefectures) is the decision-making body of the Hokkaidō , Japan's northernmost prefecture . As such, it is responsible for adopting prefectural statutes, the prefectural budget, and approving key governor personnel nominations, such as deputy governors or members of the public security commission . Like all prefectural parliaments, the Hokkaidō parliament is elected every four years by non-transferable individual votes (SNTV) in multiple and single- mandate constituencies - in single- mandate constituencies, SNTV is identical to the relative majority vote. By-elections are scheduled as necessary and are usually held in conjunction with local elections in the constituency concerned, other prefectural or national elections.
history
Unlike most prefectural parliaments, the Hokkaidō parliament has not existed continuously since 1878/79. While other prefectures already enjoyed, albeit very limited, self-government in the late 19th century (with some borrowings from the administrative structure of Prussia ), Hokkaidō was still ruled directly by the imperial government through the Hokkaidō-chō ("Hokkaidō Authority") of the Ministry of the Interior . Only in 1901 did Hokkaidō receive an elected parliament (at that time Hokkai-dōkai , 北海道 会 / in contemporary script Schrift 會 , analogous to the other prefectural parliaments, which were then called fukai / kenkai ), but with even less authority than in normal / other prefectures. It was not until the reforms of the sub-national administrations during the occupation after the Second World War that the -dō was fully equated with other prefectures: in 1946 the prefectural order, until then fu-ken-sei , was extended to the Hokkaidō and incorporated into do-fu- ken-be renamed. In 1947, the Self-Government Act standardized self-government in all prefectures and municipalities, and the names of the prefectural and municipal parliaments were changed from -kai to -gikai (vice versa for the national parliament ).
Elections and composition
(as of April 30, 2019)
After a reorganization in 2018, the parliament of Hokkaidō has 100 members from 46 constituencies since the 2019 election. From 1947 up to and including 2019 , the elections have taken place in the uniform election cycle in years before leap years. The gubernatorial elections in Hokkaidō have so far not moved out of the uniform cycle, making Hokkaidō one of currently twelve prefectures in which both prefectural elections take place simultaneously.
In the 2019 prefecture parliament election, the Liberal Democratic Party (previously 50) won an elected, independent absolute majority with 51 seats for the first time in 36 years, the Constitutional Democratic Party gained two seats to 24, and the People's Democratic Party lost its only MP.
Web links
- Website (japanese)
Individual evidence
- ↑ History of Parliament
- ↑ Overview constituencies & MPs , accessed on May 14, 2019.
- ↑ Changes 2018 with constituency table
- ↑ Constituency map with mandate figures from 2015
- ↑ new constituency map 2018
- ↑ 北海道 議 選 各 党 議席 Hokkaidōgi-sen kakutō giseki . In: NHK Senkyo Web. April 8, 2019, Retrieved May 14, 2019 (Japanese).