Partido de la Liberación Dominicana
The Partido de la Liberación Dominicana ( PLD ) has risen to become the most important party in the Dominican Republic in the 21st century . It was founded on December 15, 1973 by Juan Bosch and initially positioned itself as a social democratic , progressist center-left , and since 2000 more as a liberal , progressist center-right party. President is the three-time President Leonel Fernández . In the 2016 elections, the PLD's candidate, Danilo Medina , won the presidential election with superiority ; the party, together with its alliance partner Partido Revolucionario Dominicano (PRD), won 127 out of 190 seats in the Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados, lower house ) and 28 out of 32 seats in the Senate ( Upper House ) and thus retained the absolute majority in both chambers that had existed since 2006. Since 2016, it has provided a majority with 95 of 155 mayors. The party's logo is a yellow five-pointed star on a purple background.
founding
The party was founded on December 15, 1973 by Juan Bosch , who had left the Social Democratic Partido Revolucionario Dominicano (PRD) after arguments with José Francisco Peña Gómez . Bosch, elected president in 1963 as the PRD candidate in the first democratic elections after the 32 years of the Trujillo dictatorship and overthrown in a military coup in 1963 , ran as the official PLD candidate for the presidency in 1990 and 1994, but was defeated both times by Joaquín Balaguer from Partido Reformista Social Cristiano (PRSC).
organization
President and party leader is, as successor to Juan Bosch Leonel Fernández, General Secretary Reinaldo Pared Pérez. The party is headed by the Comité Politico (Political Committee), which has more than 20 members in addition to the President and the Secretary General. The Comité Central (Central Committee) is the highest organ of the party. It consists of more than 600 members and elects the members of the Political Committee from among its number, with the exception of the President and the Secretary General.
elections
Parliamentary elections 1982–2016
Since the parliamentary elections in 2006, the PLD has had an absolute majority in both chambers of the National Congress.
In the parliamentary elections of 1982 he jumped the 5% hurdle for entry into the Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados, then with 120 members) and won his first mandate with 5.8% of the vote. In 1986 it was 18.4% of the vote and 16 of 120 MPs and 2 of the then 30 senators, in 1990 23.8% of the votes and 44 of 120 MPs and 12 of 30 senators.
In the controversial parliamentary elections in 1994, the PLD only received 10.8% of the votes and only won 13 of 120 MPs and 1 of 30 Senatorial seats. After the presidential election, which took place at the same time, in which Joaquín Balaguer from the conservative Partido Reformista Social Cristiano (PRSC) had narrowly won against José Francisco Peña Gomez (PRD) and, according to allegations by the PRD, only thanks to election manipulation , Balaguer's term of office was limited to two years, the rule "50 + 1" (absolute majority to win the election in the first round of the presidential election) introduced and immediate re-election prohibited. In future, presidential and parliamentary elections were held separately, alternately every two years.
In the parliamentary elections of 1998 the PLD again achieved 30.4% of the vote and won 49 of the 149 MPs and 4 of 30 Senatorial seats. In the 2002 parliamentary elections, the party achieved 29.1% of the vote and won 41 of 150 seats in the Chamber of Deputies and 2 of the 32 seats in the Senate. In the parliamentary elections of 2006, the PLD, as the leader of the Bloque Progresista, achieved 46.4% of the votes and won an absolute majority in both chambers with 96 of the 178 MPs and 22 of 32 senators. He won 67 of the 151 mayorries. In the parliamentary elections of 2010, the PLD and its allies achieved 51.71% of the vote and won 105 of the current 183 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, 31 of 32 seats in the Senate and 65 of 155 mayor's offices.
In 2010, the parliament's term of office was extended to six years in order to be able to hold presidential and parliamentary elections together again.
In the 2016 parliamentary elections, the PLD and its allies achieved 61.76% of the vote and, together with the Partido Revolucionario Dominicano (PRD), won 127 of the 190 seats in the Chamber of Deputies, 28 of 32 seats in the Senate and 92 of 155 mayors Majority. He also won 10 (the alliance partner PRD 3) out of 20 seats in the Central American Parliament (PARLACEN).
Presidential elections 1996–2016
The Partido de la Liberación Dominicana has won the presidential election five times: 1996, 2004, 2008, 2012 and 2016. It lost the 2000 election.
In the 1996 presidential election, Leonel Fernández was in the second ballot against José Francisco Peña Gómez, who had led with 41.05 to 38.93% in the first ballot, with the support of Joaquín Balaguer, the political opponent of party founder Bosch for over 30 years , with 51.25 to 48.74% elected President. Because of the ban on immediate re-election, he could no longer run in 2000.
In the 2000 presidential election , the PRD candidate Hipólito Mejía won the first round with 49.87% of the vote against 24.94% of the PLD candidate Danilo Medina. Medina waived a second ballot because he did not receive unreserved support from third-placed Joaquín Balaguer and therefore saw no possibility of winning the election.
In the 2004 presidential election , the PLD candidate Leonel Fernández won with 57.11% of the vote against Hipólito Mejía (33.65%). Thanks to the lifting of the ban on immediate re-election in the hope of re-election in 2003 by the ruling PRD in view of Mejías' initially high approval rates, he was able to run again. In the 2008 presidential election Leonel Fernández won with 53.83% of the vote against Miguel Vargas from the PRD (40.48%). Fernández was also able to run again thanks to the one-time re-election. In the 2012 presidential election , the PLD, including its allies with Danilo Medina, won 51.21% of the vote against former President Hipólito Mejía , who together with his allies achieved 46.95%.
In the 2016 presidential election , the incumbent President Danilo Medina clearly won against Luis Abinader from the Partido Revolucionario Moderno (PRM), a spin-off from the PRD, with 61.74% against 34.98% (including the respective allies).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b El PLD consiguió retener el control absoluto en los pasados comicios. In: Diario Libre. May 30, 2016.
- ↑ Estructura. In: PLD website.
- ↑ Ernesto Sagás: Las elecciones legislativas y municipales de 2006 en la República Dominicana. In: Revista de Ciencia Política. Vol. 26, No. 1, Santiago de Chile 2006, ISSN 0718-090X, pp. 152-157.
- ^ A b Ana Belén Benito Sánchez: Elecciones Congresuales (1978-2010): Evolución de los Principales Indicadores. Resultados elecciones legislativas y municipales 2010, República Dominicana. University of Salamanca , Salamanca p. 10 f. (PDF; 69 kB).
- ^ Melissa Marcelino: Sistema electoral y sistema de partidos en República Dominicana 1978-2008. In: Observatorio Politico Dominicano. August 15, 2011.
- ↑ Junta Central Electoral informa resultados finales de mayo elecciones. In: Barrigaverde.net. May 28, 2016.
- ^ David Gonzalez: Dominican Wins Presidency As Opponent Shuns Runoff. In: New York Times . May 19, 2000.
- ↑ Sorange Batista: 2004: Leonel derrotó a Hipólito. In: Hoy. May 6, 2012.
- ↑ Elecciones Ordinarias Generales Presidenciales del 16 de Mayo 2008. Boletín # 9 ( Memento of the original of April 10, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. the Junta Central Electoral. May 17, 2008.
- ^ Ana Belén Benito Sánchez: Elecciones Presidenciales (1990-2008). University of Salamanca, Salamanca p. 3 (PDF; 152 kB).
- ↑ Boletín Nacional Electoral No. 11 ( Memento of May 24, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) of the Junta Central Electoral (PDF; 24 kB). May 23, 2012.
- ↑ Boletín Nacional Electoral No. 14 ( Memento of the original from May 31, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. the Junta Central Electoral (PDF; 50 kB). May 28, 2016.
