Passion Harmony

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A Passion harmony , even history of suffering and death of Jesus Christ , or lat. : Summa Passionis ( Summary of Passion ) is a special case of Evangelienharmonie the compilation of the Passion stories of Jesus from the four Gospels into a single narrative.

history

Although already of medieval origin, where they can be found especially in the vernacular plenaries of the late Middle Ages, the passion harmonies experienced their heyday during the Reformation . The Low German Passion Harmony by Johannes Bugenhagen , which was distributed in many high German editions, was particularly influential . The church ordinances drawn up by Bugenhagen stipulated that the Passion Harmony was to be read out on Good Friday .

Due to the changes in biblical exegesis and piety in the wake of the Enlightenment , the Passion Harmonies lost their importance since the 18th century. Most evangelical hymn books , however, still contained a passion harmony in the appendix into the 20th century, often linked to the story of the destruction of the city of Jerusalem .

The Seven Last Words of Jesus on the Cross, which have been considered in Passion devotions to this day, are an extract from the Passion Harmony.

construction

1. Christ's proclamation of his passion

2. The Jews' attempt to kill Christ

3. Christ's anointing

4. Judas' collusion of treason

5. The preparation of the Easter lamb

6. The institution of the sacrament

7. The washing of feet

8. The traitor's discovery

9. The settlement of quarrels among the disciples

Then follow five so-called acts of the Passion of Christ:

1. Actus: Christ's suffering in the garden ( lat . : Hortus )

2. Actus: Christ's suffering before the priests (Latin: Pontifices )

3. Actus: Christ's suffering with the authorities (Herodes, Pilatus) (lat .: Pilatus )

4th act: Christ's crucifixion (Latin: Crux )

5th act: Christ's burial (Latin: Sepulchrum )

Church music

The passion harmony was one of the ways to translate the passion story into church music. The earliest setting comes from Antoine de Longueval (verifiably 1498–1525); it was published by Georg Rhau in Wittenberg in 1538. Bugenhagen's harmony was u. a. used by Heinrich Schütz for his Historia of the happy and victorious resurrection of our one Savior and Savior Jesus Christ in 1623. The structure of harmony continues to have an effect on Johann Sebastian Bach's passion compositions (according to Martin Petzoldt ).

literature

expenditure

  • Norbert Buske (ed.): Historia des lydendes unde upstandige unses Heren Jesu Christi uth den veer Euangelisten. Low German Passion Harmony by Johannes Bugenhagen. Facsimile print after d. Barther edition from 1586. Berlin / Altenburg 1985.

Studies

  • Anneliese Biber: Johannes Bugenhagen between reform and reformation: the development of his early theology based on the Matthew commentary and the passion and resurrection harmony. Zugl. Univ. Diss., Münster (Westphalia) 1990/91, Research on Church and Dogma History, Vol. 51, Vandenhoeck and Ruprecht, Göttingen 1993, ISBN 3-525-55159-2 .
  • Winfried Frey: The comment as a weapon. To Johannes Bugenhagen's Passion Harmony. In: Andrea Hohmeyer, Jasmin S. Rühl, Ingo Wintermeyer (Eds.): Searching for traces in linguistic and historical landscapes. Festschrift for Ernst Erich Metzner . German Studies, Volume 26, Münster / Hamburg / London 2003, pp. 157–177.

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