Pectinatella magnifica
| Pectinatella magnifica | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Colony of Pectinatella magnifica . |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Pectinatella magnifica | ||||||||||||
| Leidy , 1851 |
Pectinatella magnifica , which is also known as the spongy moss animal , is a freshwater moss animal whose original range is in North America . It was introduced to Central Europe at an unknown time (first recorded in 1883) and is now also found in Japan and Korea.
features
Pectinatella magnifica forms very large colonies that can be 30 centimeters long, 20 centimeters thick and weigh more than a kilogram. Occasionally, colonies with a diameter of one to two meters have also been reported. In appearance , these colonies resemble the sponges , but are not related to this group of animals.
The colonies float freely in the water or can be attached to a solid substrate. They are gelatinous and slimy. The inside consists of 99% water. The colony surface consists of individual rosettes, which in turn consist of 12 to 18 individual animals (zooids). Each individual animal is tiny and filters planktonic organisms out of the water with a ring of 60 to 80 tentacles . Pectinatella magnifica occurs mainly in standing water, temperatures above 20 ° C are optimal. There have been isolated reports of the occurrence of bog animals in rivers. In unfavorable living conditions, permanent stages (statoblasts) are formed. These are spherical, one millimeter in diameter and stick to the surface with 10 to 12 hooks.
Parasites
Parasites belonging to the microsporidia such as Trichonosema pectinatellae and Trichonosema algonquinensis are known for the species . They cause white, spherical growths in the tissue of the bogfish.
Introduction to Europe
The species is considered a new immigrant (neozoon) in Europe due to its distribution pattern (occurrence mainly in ports and along shipping routes) and the fact that it is currently spreading further (e.g. to France and the Czech Republic since 1990). However, the actual introduction is not documented and has also been questioned
supporting documents
literature
- TS Wood: Ectoproct bryozoans of Ohio. Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey, New Series, 8, 2, 1989
Individual evidence
- ↑ TS Wood (2001): Freshwater bryozoans: a zoogeographical reassessment. In: Bryozoan Studies 2001 - Proceedings of the 12th International Bryozoology Association Conference, Dublin, Ireland, 16-21 July 2001: 339-345.
- ↑ SS Desser, A. Koehler, JR Barta, J. Kamyab, MJ Ringuette: Trichonosema algonquinensis n. Sp. (Phylum microsporidia) in Pectinatella magnifica (Bryozoa: phylactolaemata) from Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada. Journal of Eukaryote Microbiology, 51, 4, pp. 389-393, 2004, PMID 15352320 .
- ↑ Stephan Gollasch & Stefan Nehring (2006): National checklist for aquatic alien species in Germany. Aquatic Invasions Volume 1, Issue 4: 245-269. doi : 10.3391 / ai.2006.1.4.8
- ^ AW Lacourt (1968): A monograph of the freshwater Bryozoa - Phylactolaemata. Zoological negotiations 93: 1-155 (+ plates)
Web links
- Pectinatella magnifica , Dutch freshwater bryozoans (moss animals)
- Sponge-like moss animals , neobiota, new species in diving waters, (PDF, German)