Pentyl group
Possible isomers of the pentyl group. The red dotted lines indicate the ties.
Top row from left to right: n- pentyl (amyl), 2-pentyl ( sec- pentyl), 3-pentyl;
Middle row: 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl ( iso- pentyl or iso- amyl), 3-methylbut-2-yl, 2-methylbut-2-yl;
Bottom row: 2,2-dimethylpropyl (neopentyl)
Top row from left to right: n- pentyl (amyl), 2-pentyl ( sec- pentyl), 3-pentyl;
Middle row: 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl ( iso- pentyl or iso- amyl), 3-methylbut-2-yl, 2-methylbut-2-yl;
Bottom row: 2,2-dimethylpropyl (neopentyl)
In chemistry, a pentyl group is a hydrocarbon radical with five carbon atoms and the empirical formula of C 5 H 11 as a substituent in organic molecules . The name comes from the Greek penta for five and the suffix -yl . Since there are various ways of branching, a series of eight isomeric pentyl radicals is obtained (see pentanols ).
The isomeric pentyl groups have historically been given trivial names . So is amyl , for example, for the n -pentyl radical; n -Pentyl alcohol is therefore also known under a common name amyl alcohol .
literature
- Hans Beyer , Wolfgang Walter : Textbook of organic chemistry . 19th edition S. Hirzel Verlag, Stuttgart 1981, ISBN 3-7776-0356-2 .
- Hans Rudolf Christen , Fritz Vögtle : Organic chemistry. From the basics to research . 2nd edition Otto Salle Verlag, Frankfurt / M. 1996, ISBN 3-7935-5398-1 .
- Dieter Hellwinkel: The systematic nomenclature of organic chemistry . 4th edition Springer, Berlin 1998, ISBN 3-540-63221-2 .