Pharyngealization
| IPA mark | ˤ |
|---|---|
| IPA number | 423 |
| IPA character description | vertically mirrored superscript crackling sound |
| Unicode | U + 02E4 |
| HTML (dec.) | & # 740; |
| X-SAMPA |
_?\
|
| Kirshenbaum |
<fzd>
|
Pharyngalization (from Greek φάρυγξ pharynx , throat ') is a process of secondary articulation in which the articulation of a sound is accompanied by a formation in the throat ( pharyngal ).
An example of pharyngeal consonants are the so-called emphatic consonants of Arabic . Pharyngealization gives the consonants an A coloring. Pharyngalisierte sounds are in the IPA -Lautschrift with the sign [ ˁ ] in: [ T ].
Other types of secondary articulation are: palatalization , velarization , laryngealization , glottalization and labialization .