Philipp Moritz Fischer

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Philipp Moriz Fischer
Fischer's crank bicycle
from 1853 (original from the Schweinfurt municipal collections)

Philipp Moritz Fischer (alternatively Philipp Moriz Fischer) (born March 8, 1812 in Oberndorf (Schweinfurt) ; † September 6, 1890 there ) was a carpenter, organ builder, musical instrument maker and inventor of the crank bicycle. His father was the innkeeper Samuel Georg Ernst Fischer and his mother Sophia Louise Christiane.

Life

At the age of 9, Fischer drove a Drais running machine to get to Latin school. From the age of 13 he completed an apprenticeship as a carpenter in Würzburg. He then went on to do an apprenticeship with an organ builder in Bamberg. After years of wandering through various major European cities, he returned to Schweinfurt in 1837. In 1840 he emigrated to London with his fiancée Wilhelmine Lambinus and married her there. However, when the first son born there died as a toddler, the Fischers returned to Schweinfurt. In Schweinfurt he bought a property near the market square in which he combined an apartment and workshop for organ and piano repairs. Organ repairs were mostly carried out on site. He tried to shorten the way to the customers in the country by using a walking machine .

In 1853 Fischer built the first walking machine with a crank drive, which Fischer - unlike Michaux - did not bring to the public. A. Zorn dated the Fischer-Rad in a communication to the Munich “Radfahrhumor” (8th year no. 82), which was confirmed by the city administration of Schweinfurt, “at the beginning of the fifties, not after 1855”. The original is now in the Schweinfurt Municipal Museum. Fischer received a gravestone with the inscription "Here rests PMF, inventor of the pedal crank bicycle".

Fischer is the father of Friedrich Fischer (1849–1899), who developed the first ball grinding machine in 1883 and founded the company FAG Kugelfischer .

Web links

literature

  • Rudolf Hundhausen: First automatic cast steel ball factory, formerly Friedr. Fischer Schweinfurt In: The German Industry (1888-1913), Berlin 1913 pp. X40-X41.
  • Franz Maria Feldhaus : The technology. A lexicon of prehistoric times, historical times and primitive peoples . Engelmann, Leipzig and Berlin 1914.
  • Germanisches Nationalmuseum : Living and working in the industrial age. Konrad Theiss Verlag Stuttgart, 1985, ISBN 3-8062-0443-8 .
  • Max JB Rauck, Gerd Volke, Felix R. Paturi: By bike through two centuries. The bicycle and its history . 2nd Edition. AT Verlag, Aarau et al. 1979, ISBN 3-85502-038-8 .
  • Paul von Salvisberg : Cycling in pictures and words. Munich 1897 (Reprinted by Olms 1980, ISBN 978-3-487-08216-5 )

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b In Ggs. Zu Pierre Michaux (1861) PM Fischer did not bring his invention, exhibited in the Schweinfurt Museum of City History, to the public, which is why he is still not mentioned in many sources on bicycle history. The alleged previous inventions by Baader (1825) and Heinrich Mylius (1845) are controversial and unproven: foelss.de: The development of the bicycle. Retrieved October 21, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Helmuth Poll in: Germanisches Nationalmuseum, p. 61.
  3. ↑ Max JB Rauck, p. 30.
  4. ↑ Feldhaus, p. 274.
  5. ^ Paul von Salvisberg, p. 15.
personal data
SURNAME Fischer, Philipp Moritz
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Fischer, Philipp Moriz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German organ builder and musical instrument maker
DATE OF BIRTH March 8, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Oberndorf (Schweinfurt)
DATE OF DEATH September 6, 1890
Place of death Oberndorf (Schweinfurt)