Phoneme frequency

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Under Phonemhäufigkeit refers to the frequency with which the phonemes of a language appear in texts of this language or in their dictionaries.

Sounds - phonemes

Under According refers to is used when speaking each phoneme; under phoneme those units that are essential for the distinction of words. In German it is irrelevant whether one pronounces the word “rot” with the tongue [r] or with the throat [R]: They are two different sounds; but both belong to the same phoneme. This difference justifies the idea of ​​collecting the phoneme frequency separately in addition to the sound frequency, depending on the research task you want to pursue.

Sound and phoneme frequency

The examination of the sound frequency reveals the properties of the sound system of a language as a whole; the phoneme frequency, on the other hand, abstracts from the sound properties that are less important for word differentiation. In English, in the collection of sound frequencies as the aspiration (should aspiration ) of plosives play a role; however, it is not taken into account when surveying the phoneme frequency. If one conducts investigations for the purposes of speech healing research, for example, it would have to be decided whether the specific case should be about the sound properties as a whole or the phonologically significant properties. In this case, phoneme frequencies rather than sound frequencies would have to be recorded.

literature

  • Gabriel Altmann : Phoneme Counts . In: Altmann, Gabriel (ed.), Glottometrika 14 . Wissenschaftlicher Verlag Trier, Trier 1993, pp. 54-68. ISBN 3-88476-081-5
  • Gabriel Altmann, Werner Lehfeldt: Introduction to Quantitative Phonology. Brockmeyer, Bochum 1980. ISBN 3-88339-150-6 (Chapter 4: General phoneme frequency)
  • Gabriel Altmann, Dariusch Bagheri, Hans Goebl, Reinhard Köhler, Claudia Prün: Introduction to quantitative lexicology. Peust & Gutschmidt, Göttingen 2002, ISBN 3-933043-09-3 . (Chapter "Phonotactics")
  • Karl-Heinz Best : Sound and Phoneme Frequencies in German . In: Göttinger Contributions to Linguistics 10/11, 2005, 21–32.
  • Gottfried Meinhold, Eberhard Stock : Phonology of contemporary German. 2nd, revised edition. VEB Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1982. (With statistics of vowel phonemes p. 98f. And consonant phonemes p. 145.)
  • Klaus Schulte: Phoneme frequency and articulation . Neckar-Verlag, Villingen-Schwenningen 1979. ISBN 3-7883-0243-4
  • Dorothea Thomé , Günther Thomé : Phonemes and graphemes in German: three diagrams. DIN A2. Institute for Linguistic Education, Oldenburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-94212-215-3 (1. The sounds of German (according to the standard wording), 2. Basic graphemes (basic characters for phonemes), 3. All basic and orthographemes (Was is how often?)) (reading samples at www.isb-oldenburg.de/material.html).
  • Günther Thomé, Dorothea Thomé: German words structured according to phonetic and written units (over 1,800 main entries, 16 tables and overviews of the phoneme-grapheme frequencies in German). Oldenburg: Isb-Verlag 2016. ISBN 978-3-94212221-4 (128 p., Reading samples at www.isb-oldenburg.de/material.html).
  • Dorothea Thomé, Günther Thomé: That's how I write correctly. What is often written? What is seldom written? Basic spelling concept. Overview poster DIN A1. Institute for Language Education, Oldenburg 2019, € 8.80. ISBN 978-3-94212-229-0 (Which graphemes (basic graphemes and orthographemes) stand for phonemes in German ?, reading samples at www.isb-oldenburg.de/material.html).

See also