Piezometer
A piezometer (from the Greek πιέζειν , “to press”) is a measuring device for determining high mechanical (mostly hydrostatic ) pressures .
functionality
While a sensor based on the piezo effect or electrostriction is usually used to measure high pressures, measuring devices are used in the investigation of pipelines and in geotechnical engineering (in boreholes , rock pores, fillings and foundations ) that detect the arching of a membrane , which is exposed to the pressure to be measured.
Between the membrane and the sensor housing, a tensioned wire is set in motion by applied electrical pulses. The measured variable is the resonance frequency , which depends on the mechanical wire tension and thus, via the membrane curvature, on the ambient pressure.
Applications
The piezometer was first designed in 1822 by the Danish physicist and chemist Hans Christian Ørsted .
Langguth & Voigt describe various methods in which a piezometer is used to determine the permeability coefficient of an aquifer .
literature
- John Dunnicliff, Gordon E. Green: Geotechnical Instrumentation for Monitoring Field Performance . John Wiley & Sons, New York City 1993 ( on Google Books )
- T. William Lambe, Robert V. Whitman: Soil Mechanics. John Wiley & Sons, New York City 1969 ( on Google Books )
- Robert Sarsby: Environmental Geotechnics . Thomas Telford, London 2000 ( on Google Books )
- Ulrich Smoltczyk: Grundbau-Taschenbuch, Part 2: Geotechnical methods. Ernst & Sohn Verlag, Berlin 2001 ( on Google Books )
- Guangxin Li, Yunmin Chen, Xiaowu Tang: Geosynthetics in Civil and Environmental Engineering: Geosynthetics Asia 2008 - Proceedings of the 4th Asian Regional Conference on Geosynthetics in Shanghai, China . Springer Verlag, Berlin / Heidelberg 2008 ( on Google Books )
- J. Patrick Powers, Arthur B. Corwin, Paul C. Schmall, Walter E. Kaeck: Construction Dewatering and Groundwater Control: New Methods and Applications . John Wiley & Sons, New Jersey 2007 ( on Google Books )
Web links
- Piezometer on geothermie.de
- Piezometer on Spektrum.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ piezometer . In: The Danske Encyklopædi store . Retrieved May 17, 2018.
- ^ Langguth, Voigt: Hydrogeological methods . 2nd Edition. Springer Verlag, 2004, ISBN 3-540-21126-8 , 2.3.2 Slug and Bail Tests, p. 48-69 .