Polish crown

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Tsarina Anna in coronation regalia with the Polish crown

The Polish crown is actually the imperial crown of Tsarina Anna Ivanovna . It has had this name since April 1, 1853.

The Polish crown is of the western cup crown type, which became typical for all newly made crowns in Russia from the 18th century . It is made of gold-plated silver , diamonds and rubies . Both hemispheres and the high bow rise from the coronet. Ribbons of small diamonds line the top and bottom of the ring. Its decoration is an alternation of diamond rosettes and a cross-like ornament in which a thick stone is flanked by four smaller ones. Eight leaf-like prongs and eight small prongs protrude from the hoop, which are circular at the top. They wear a small gold-set ruby ​​directly above the circlet and a thick stone at the top, which is also set in gold. The large teeth of the leaf are slightly curved outwards and have colored diamonds and rubies in gold settings in the middle. The stones are surrounded by a smaller diamond on all four sides. The leaf from which the bow rises at the front bears a large, muggled diamond. The two hemispheres have a net-like ornament of connected diamonds, the spaces between which are adorned with small star patterns. The intersection of the rhombuses and the star patterns have diamonds. The edges of the two hemispheres along the high bow bear diamond rosettes and rows of diamonds on either side. Each hemisphere is divided in the middle by a kind of bracket, which is decorated alternately with diamond-framed rubies and diamond rosettes. The high bow is decorated in the same way. The top of the temple bears a large smuggled ruby, which has a narrow gold setting and above it carries the cross made of nine diamonds. The crown is 21 cm in diameter and 33 cm high.

The crown was probably made by Jérémie Pausié for Anna Ivanovna's coronation in 1730 . It was subsequently worn by Elisabeth Petrovna in 1742 and Catherine II at the coronation in 1762. Most recently, she was used when Nicholas I on May 13, 1829, her in Warsaw for the King of Poland was crowned . Hence the name Polish Crown. It is now in the armory of the Moscow Kremlin .

literature

  • Heinz Biehn : The crowns of Europe and their fate . Limes Verlag, Wiesbaden 1957.