Poly (styrene sulfonic acid)

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Structural formula
Tolevamer monomer unit
Monomer unit without counterion (cation)
General
Surname Poly (styrene sulfonic acid)
other names
  • Poly [1- (4-sulfophenyl) ethylene]
  • 4-vinylphenylsulfonic acid homopolymer
  • Polystyrene sulfonic acid
CAS number 28210-41-5
PubChem 75905
properties
solubility

soluble in water and ethanol

safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances

18% aq. solution

05 - Corrosive

danger

H and P phrases H: 314
P: 280-305 + 351 + 338-310
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Poly (styrenesulphonic acid) ( PSS ), also known as polystyrenesulphonate in its ionic form (salt form) , is a linear, water-soluble homopolymer of 4-vinylphenylsulphonic acid .

The various PSS grades differ, among other things, in the degree of polymerization , so that products with different mean molar masses are described or available.

Technical and medical technology use

PSS is suitable for the production of thin polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM), which are applied to materials or objects using the layer-by-layer process (LbL) and whose thickness is in the nanometer range .

Polyelectrolyte multilayers are used as biocompatible coatings or as substrates for active ingredient release systems. One example is the drug-eluting stent ( drug eluting stent ).

PSS is a strong polyelectrolyte which, in addition to hydrophilic properties due to the sulfonate groups, also has hydrophobic properties due to the polystyrene structure. As a result, polyelectrolyte multilayers can be additionally stabilized.

Medical use

PSS with an average molecular weight of over 400 kD was developed by Genzyme as a medicinal substance ( INN : Tolevamer ) for the non-antibiotic treatment of Clostridium difficile -associated diarrhea (CDAD) due to its toxin-binding properties . It was not ready for the market because it was inferior to other forms of therapy.

In addition to tolevamer sodium (CAS No. 28038-50-8, 100% sodium salt ), tolevamer sodium potassium (CAS No. 81998-90-5, counterions 37% potassium, 63% Sodium) designed to prevent potential hypokalemia .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Data sheet Poly (4-styrenesulfonic acid) solution, M w ~ 75,000, 18 wt.% In H 2 O from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on February 8, 2017 ( PDF ).
  2. ↑ Poly (styrenesulfonate) (PSS) in the Merck Product Catalog , accessed February 4, 2020.
  3. ↑ Majid Hosseini, Abdel Salam Hamdy Makhlouf (ed.): Industrial Applications for Intelligent Polymers and Coatings , Springer Verlag, 2016. Restricted preview in the Google book search
  4. ↑ L. Kröhne: Investigations into the applicability of polyelectrolyte multilayers for drug-eluting stents for the local release of paclitaxel , dissertation, University of Regensburg, 2009 ( PDF ).
  5. ↑ SKB Nett: Functional Polymer Coatings , dissertation, Johannes Gutenberg-Universit Mainz, 2009 ( PDF )
  6. ↑ Khopade, AJ, et al .: Ultrathin antibiotic walled microcapsules . Biomacromolecules, 2005, 6 (1), pp. 229-34. doi : 10.1021 / bm049554a
  7. ↑ Tolevamer - a non-antibiotic treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea ( Memento from February 6, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Der Arzneimittel-Brief 2007, Ed. 41, 63a.
  8. ↑ Stuart Johnson, Thomas J. Louie, Dale N. Gerding, Oliver A. Cornely, Scott Chasan-Taber, David Fitts, Steven P. Gelone, Colin Broom, David M. Davidson: Vancomycin, Metronidazole, or Tolevamer for Clostridium difficile Infection : Results From Two Multinational, Randomized, Controlled Trials . In: Clinical Infectious Diseases . tape 59 , no. 3 , 2014, p. 345-354 , doi : 10.1093 / cid / ciu313 .
  9. ↑ USAN File: Tolevamer sodium (PDF).
  10. ↑ USAN File: Tolevamer sodium potassium (PDF).
  11. ↑ RH Barker et al .: Review article: tolevamer, a novel toxin-binding polymer: overview of preclinical pharmacology and physicochemical properties. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics 24 (11-12): 1525-34, 2007. doi : 10.1111 / j.1365-2036.2006.03157.x .