Prenole

Prenols are isoprenoid alcohols with the general structure H– [CH ₂ –C (CH ₃ ) = CH – CH ₂ ] _n –OH. Here, n indicates the number of isoprene units that are required to build up the structure. Parent compound of Prenole is prenol with n = 1. If n 4, compounds are named as polyprenols designated. According to the IUPAC nomenclature , a prenyl or a polyprenyl radical has the general structure H– [CH ₂ –C (CH ₃ ) = CH – CH ₂ ] _n -. In the literature, however, a prenyl radical often only means an isoprene unit (3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl).

Dolichols are structurally similar to polyprenols, but have a saturated α-isoprene unit (2,3-dihydropolyprenols) and form a separate group of substances.

Examples of prenols are farnesol and geranylgeraniol , which are found in various plants. The isoprene units here all have the trans position . In the case of polyprenols, there are often trans and cis positions within a molecule. In the case of the ficaprenoles that occur in the rubber tree ( Ficus elastica ), n is 10 to 12, with three in the trans and the remainder in the cis position.

Prenols and Polyprenols (examples)
Farnesol	Geranyl geraniol
Ficaprenol-11

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Entry on prenols . In: IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the “Gold Book”) . doi : 10.1351 / goldbook.P04816 Version: 2.3.3.
2. ↑ Entry on polyprenols . In: IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology (the “Gold Book”) . doi : 10.1351 / goldbook.P04750 Version: 2.3.3.
3. ^ IUPAC - IUB , Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, Prenol nomenclature , Recommendations 1986.
4. ↑ Entry on polyprenols . In: Lexikon der Biochemie , Spektrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg, 1999.
5. ↑ External identifiers or database links for Ficaprenol-11 : CAS number: 26296-50-4, PubChem : 11411688 , ChemSpider : 9586576 , Wikidata : Q72478301 .