Pornography on the Internet

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Set by a professional French internet porn production company, frame from the film Free Girls by John B. Root

Internet pornography is the Internet spread pornography . The Internet has become an important means of spreading pornography through anonymity , availability and, in some cases, free offers. The protection of minors and criminal prosecution encounter practical problems on the Internet. A distinction must be made between pure text offers, image and film material and computer games with pornographic content. A special form is the offer in the form of cybersex , studies on this have been around since 2005. At that time, the number of available pornographic websites worldwide totaled 340 million, the number of users in Germany to 6.8 million in one month estimated.

Paid offers

Credit cards , formerly also dialers , are used for billing on websites that are subject to a charge . Due to strict regulation in many European countries (including Switzerland) and the meanwhile widespread use of DSL lines which no longer use dial-up connections, the spread of dialers has been reduced to practically zero.

In addition to billing via credit card, billing via so-called micropayment systems such as T-Pay and ClickandBuy has increased significantly in recent years. Electronic direct debits are also widely used. Often the payment methods are also integrated in micropayment systems. Other payment options such as credit cards and mobile payment types via cell phone and premium SMS are less common in the area of Internet pornography.

Another source of pornography besides websites are sharehosters , Usenet and file sharing systems. One of the common fraud procedures in social networks is e-whoring , where subscriptions to pornography portals are sold under the pretense of a false identity.

Free offers

The established porn industry in particular is losing significantly in sales due to free competition from the Internet. In mid-2007, the German provider Kirchberg Logistik GmbH gave 2.7 million Arcor customers access to three foreign sites such as B. Block YouPorn on the grounds that the age declaration, i.e. the mere declaration that you have reached the age of 18, is not compatible with German law. The blockage was lifted after a few days.

The viewer of the free porn scenes also pays off well for the porn site operator. When the viewer flips through the free pages and their subpages, promotional animations are shown every time. The advertiser always pays the porn site operator for this. This banner advertising takes place on “pay per view” (every display and visualization for the viewer) and / or “pay per click” (clicking on animated offers). Promotional animations can relate to anything: dating sites, sexual enhancers, availability of prostitutes, etc.

scope

According to an analysis by the online researchers from SimilarWeb in 2013, 12.5% ​​of all website views in Germany consist of access to pornographic sites. Followed by the USA, Brazil and India, Germany takes the top position worldwide.

Legal situation in Germany

Overall, pornography in the form of pornographic writings, pictures, phonograms, films and videos is most widely disseminated through pornographic websites. This is not permitted in Germany due to statutory provisions, Section 184d of the Criminal Code and Section 4 (2) Sentence 1 No. 1 JMStV , which, in addition to protecting young people, aim to protect adults from unwanted exposure to pornography. As an exception, public access is permitted in the context of closed user groups, where it is ensured that the participants are not under 18 years of age (Section 4 (2) sentence 2 JMStV, Section 184d sentence 2 StGB). For this purpose, some operators of these websites require you to enter a credit card or ID card number in order to verify the age . However, such an access restriction is not classified as effective by case law. Rather, effective measures such as the Postident procedure are required.

Providers who do not use an age verification system (AVS) make themselves liable to prosecution under German law. Public collections that contain hard pornography are also punishable by AVS.

See also

literature

  • Doris Allhutter: Dispositive digital pornography: on the interweaving of ethics, technology and EU internet policy Campus, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 2009. ISBN 978-3-593-38858-8 , (also dissertation at the University of Vienna 2007).
  • Johannes Gernert: Generation Porn. Youth, sex, internet. Torch bearer, Cologne 2010. ISBN 978-3-7716-4439-0 .
  • Katrien Jacobs, Matteo Pasquinelli (eds.), C'Lick Me: A Netporn Studies Reader , Institute of Network Cultures, Amsterdam 2007 ( online ), ISBN 978-90-78146-03-2 (English).
  • Katrien Jacobs, Netporn: DIY Web Culture and Sexual Politics , Rowman & Littlefield, 2007, ISBN 978-0-7425-5432-0 (English).
  • Jonathan James McCreadie Lillie: Cyberporn, Sexuality, and the Net Apparatus. In: Convergence: The International Journal of Research into New Media Technologies. Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 43-65 (2004) doi : 10.1177 / 135485650401000104 (English)
  • Thomas Schirrmacher : Internet pornography ... what everyone should know about it. Hänssler, Holzgerlingen 2008, ISBN 978-3-7751-4838-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lutz van Dijk: The story of love and sex . Campus Verlag, 2007, ISBN 3-593-37913-9 , pp. 186 ff .
  2. ↑ https://www.focus.de/digital/internet/cybersex-virtuelle-verlockung_aid_210257.html
  3. ↑ Konrad Lischka: Role model for the film industry: Porn providers fight against web competition Spiegel Online September 11, 2007
  4. ↑ Konrad Lischka: Incorrect censorship method: Arcor stops the Spiegel Online porn filter on September 17, 2007
  5. ↑ Online portal of the daily newspaper “Die Welt” from December 21, 2013
  6. ↑ Murad Erdemir: New Paradigms of Pornography? - An indefinite legal term to the test. MMR 2003, 628 ff.
  7. ↑ Roland Bornemann: The "dissemination term" for pornography in audiovisual media services - extending punishment on the Internet and reducing punishment on the radio? MMR 2012, 157 ff.
  8. ↑ Protection of minors in the media: Age-controlled, closed user groups on the Internet in accordance with Section 4 (2) sentence 2 JMStV (PDF; 142 kB) by Martin Döring and Thomas Günter
  9. ↑ Florian Zimmer-Amrhein: Naked things in the children's room . Book review in: Die ZEIT from June 24, 2010