Rhenania porcelain factory
| Rhenania Porzellanfabrik GmbH | |
|---|---|
| legal form | Company with limited liability |
| founding | 1904, 1908, 1935 |
| resolution | 1958 |
| Seat | Duisdorf , Bonn , Germany |
| Number of employees | about 200 (1935) |
| Branch | porcelain |
The Rhenania GmbH porcelain factory was in Bonn district Duisdorf based manufacturer of china . Between 1904 and 1958, hotel crockery and decorative china were produced here.
history
Ceramic Works GmbH (1904–1908)
In 1904 (Johann) Carl and his half-brother (Ferdinand) Eduard Schumann from Arzberg in Upper Franconia founded the Keramische Werke GmbH in Duisdorf. They had gained experience in porcelain production at home. The father Heinrich founded the Schumann & Riess porcelain factory in 1881 . When he died in 1884, he appointed Carl, who was only 21 years old, to be his successor. From 1892 the company was called Porzellanfabrik Carl Schumann GmbH & Co. KG. As business was going well, a second factory was built in Duisdorf. The factory site was located directly at the train station (Alter Heerweg 2). In 1906 the company traded as Eduard Schumann Porzellanfabrik . The factory employed 150 workers at that time. After Eduard Schumann, who did the business, died in 1907, Carl Schumann sold the factory a year later to the Bonn merchant Gustav Wahl. The share capital at that time was 250,000 marks .
A blue underglaze brush mark was used as a porcelain mark during this period . This shows the monogram "KW".
West German Porcelain Factory (1908–1935)
In 1908 Gustav Wahl bought the company from Carl Schumann. It was registered with the IHK Bonn with the commercial register entry HRB 1196 and served the manufacture and sale of ceramic and all related items in the ceramic and porcelain industry . During this time numerous patents were applied for on ceramic parts, e.g. B. of invert lamps . From 1912 the factory was called Westdeutsche Porzellanfabrik GmbH. In 1925 Gustav Wahl (commercial) and Andrew Bayerwaltes (technical) were directors. Most recently, the plant employed 200 people and mainly produced gifts and promotional items. On June 1, 1935, bankruptcy was declared and production ceased.
The green stamp shows a coat of arms with a lion running to the left at the top, a D below the coat of arms, a crown above the coat of arms, a W to the left of the coat of arms and a P to the right. The blue underglaze brush mark was also used as a floor mark at this time ( Monogram WP). Molds from Keramische Werke GmbH were taken over by Westdeutsche Porzellanfabrik GmbH.
Rhenania Porzellanfabrik GmbH (1935–1958)
On August 15, 1935, the Rhenania Wirtschaftbetriebs GmbH from Cologne bought the "Westdeutsche Porzellanfabrik GmbH" and renamed it Rhenania Porzellanfabrik GmbH . The sole owner was Georg Kettner. The factory was closed on June 30, 1958. The closure took place due to outdated production facilities and a lack of successors.
The dark green stamp shows a heraldic shield with the words Rhenania in it, below it a lion running to the left. There is a crown above the heraldic shield and Duisdorf or Western Germany under the heraldic shield.
Products
In 1906 coffee u. Tea service, cups, dessert and cake plates, jugs, baskets etc. are made. The factory's specialties were wall panels, hard-paste porcelain facing bricks, and stamped items for electrical engineering. Salad and breakfast sets were exported. The factory had its own painting and printing shop. So mainly utility and decorative porcelain was produced. The wide range included porcelain with blue underglaze decoration in onion pattern and straw decoration , gold-decorated tableware and vases of Art Deco , black and white tableware, figurative representations, viez porcelain and car vases . During the time of the economic miracle , the Rhenania porcelain factory became famous for its hotel dishes. Between 1954 and 1957 it received four awards from the Central Office for the Promotion of German Value Work , which was responsible for an annual “special show of industrial products in line with the design” at the Hanover Fair . The winning models were the hotel porcelain Form 85 (1954, 1955), the coffee and tableware Form Eva (1956), which made the factory famous in 1950, and the teapot Form 700 (1957). A high point of artistic creation was the collaboration with Gerhard Marcks , who u. a. designed the Tiergarten teapot in a functionalist style.
literature
- Address book of the ceramic industry 1925, Müller & Schmidt, Coburg.
- Christine Doege: Rhenania Porzellanfabrik GmbH, Duisdorf-Bonn. In: Sabine Thomas-Ziegler (ed.), Petticoat and Nierentisch - the youth of the republic, Rheinlandverlag, Cologne 1995. ISBN 3-7927-1514-7 , p. 76 f.
- Ludwig Danckert: Handbook of European porcelain. Porzellanfabrik Duisdorf , Prestel, Munich 1992, p. 143. ISBN 3-7913-1173-5 .
- Dieter Zühlsdorf: Brand Lexicon, Porcelain and Ceramic Report 1885-1935 , Arnoldsche Verlagsanstalt, Stuttgart 1988, p. 494. ISBN 3-925369-00-7 .
- Rhenania and Lapitesta. Porcelain and ceramics from Duisdorf , exhibition catalog 2014.
Individual evidence
- ^ Arzberg (from Porcelain Marks and More , accessed November 19, 2015
- ^ Museum of European Ceramic Art , accessed on November 19, 2015
- ↑ Address book of the ceramic industry. , Müller, 1906, p. 228
- ↑ Tonindustrie-Zeitung and Keramische Rundschau, Volume 32, 1912, p. 2089.
- ^ Fritz Redlich: Advertising: Concept, History, Theory . Enke, 1935, p. 218.
- ^ "Heidewitzka" for a porcelain service , accessed on November 20, 2015
- ↑ Teapot 'Tiergarten', 1932 , accessed November 20, 2015