Powązki (garden)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Zygmunt Vogel , "Section of the Czartoryski Park in Powązki with the ruins of a triumphal arch" (Polish: Fragment ogrodu Powązki Czartoryskiej z ruinami łuku triumfalnego ), pencil and brush, around 1800

Powązki was a park in the formervillage of Powązki, nowincorporatedin Warsaw, owned by Princess Izabela Czartoryska . The complex, characterized by a sentimental-romantic style, also served the princess as a summer residence and, along with the Arkadia Park, isone of the early landscape gardens in Poland. The garden has not been preserved, the site has been built over.

history

The model for the garden design was the Petit Trianon near Versailles. Work began in 1771 on the territory of the village Powązki , which belonged to the princess. The garden was completely destroyed by Russian troops in 1794 in connection with the suppression of the uprising under Tadeusz Kościuszko . Izabela Czartoryska did not have the complex restored, but instead expanded her Puławy residence; two undestroyed statues, the marble group Tankred and Clorinda and a statue of Pamela were brought there.

Components

The shape and inventory of the garden are known from a garden plan, some paintings by Jan Piotr Norblin and a description by the architect Szymon Bogumił Zug (" Ogrody w Warszawie i jej okolicach, opisane w roku 1784" ) . The garden was largely laid out in the cosmopolitan style of the contemporary "modern" English landscape garden. The garden enclosed a small body of water with small bays and an irregular shoreline.

In the eastern part of the garden was the country house, which served the princess as a summer residence, with an adjoining garden ground floor in the traditional, geometric style. All other areas of the garden were landscaped and decorated with individual buildings and staffage structures. In particular, the buildings designed as artificial ruins , including a Roman arch ( Łuk rzymski ) and an “ancient” ruin, contributed to the transfigured overall impression of a past, perceived as better time.

Other buildings were a dairy, a Gothic tower, a collapsed lock, an "old" tower and a ruined castle on a small mountain. The conclusion was a hermitage, whose residents (" jewelry hermit ") performed the function of a garden overseer.

literature

  • Gerard Ciołek : Gardens in Poland ( Ogrody polskie ). Budowictwo i architektura , Warsaw 1954, pp. 131-134 (with illustrations 194-198).
  • Brian Knox : The arrival of the English landscape garden in Poland and Bohemia. (The English garden in Czechoslovakia and Poland) . In: Dumberton Oaks Colloquium on the history of landscape architecture , Volume 2, 1972, pp. 99-104, I-VIII, 105-116.
  • Katrin Schulz: Princess Izabela Czartoryska (1746–1835), pioneer of landscape gardens in Poland. In: The Garden Department. 2005, pp. 44-49.

Coordinates: 52 ° 15 ′ 41.8 "  N , 20 ° 57 ′ 28.7"  E