Power-to-Liquid

The term power-to-liquid (German: "Electrical energy to liquid") is understood to mean different technical processes, all of which have the aim of producing liquid fuels .

process description

Liquefaction of RE gas

Combustible hydrocarbon gas , which is obtained from the power-to-gas process, is liquefied in a subsequent process step . It is compared with the pure power to gas process Although additional energy is required, but the thus obtained liquefied gas can as well as liquefied natural gas may be transported easier depending on the type of transportation path than is possible in gaseous form.

Biotechnological process

A slightly different use of the term power to liquid , which is also related to renewable energies, can be found in Scientific American , where at the end of March 2012 an article titled Microbes help convert solar energy into liquid fuel (Solar Power to Liquid Fuel ) has appeared. Therein, an integrated electro-microbial bioreactor to German about Integrated electro-microbial bioreactor described, which should be able by means of genetically modified Ralstonia eutropha various liquid butanols such as 1-butanol to generate suitable as a fuel.

Fuel production using synthesis gas

A third process of Power to Liquid is based on the generation of synthesis gas ( carbon monoxide and hydrogen ) and the subsequent synthesis of long-chain, liquid and solid hydrocarbons (e.g. gasoline, kerosene, diesel and waxes), also for biofuels . For the synthesis can u. a. the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis can be used. The starting materials for the entire process are water, carbon dioxide and electrical energy.

Investments

In April 2012, an eight million euro power-to-liquid plant was put into operation in Iceland by Carbon Recycling International (CRI) with a capacity of 1.3 million liters per year. In 2015, CRI expanded the system to more than 5 million liters per year. The plant, named after George Olah , was initially to use 4,500 tons of CO _{2 a year} and thus generate methanol . Both the CO ₂ and the electrical energy come from the neighboring Svartsengi power station .

See also

• BtL fuel
• Bioethanol from steel mill gases
• Methanol production from smelter exhaust gases
• Methanol production from flue gas

literature

• Michael Sterner , Ingo Stadler (ed.): Energy storage. Need, technologies, integration. 2nd edition, Berlin Heidelberg 2017, ISBN 978-3-662-48893-5 .

Web links

• Power to Gas strategy platform
• German Bundestag - Scientific Services: The Current Concept: Power to Gas (PDF; 69 kB)
• M. Specht (project leader) and others: "CO2 recycling for the production of methanol" Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW), Institute for Technical Thermodynamics and Refrigeration Technology (ITTK), University of Karlsruhe Institute for Physical Electronics ( IPE), University of Stuttgart, July 2000

Individual evidence

1. ↑ 2nd VDI Conference on Stationary Energy Storage for Renewable Energies, June 20 and 21, 2012, Karlsruhe, PDF file, 6 pages, 158kB (PDF; 162 kB) Retrieved on July 13, 2013.
2. ↑ Microbe Helps Convert Solar Power to Liquid Fuel . Retrieved April 14, 2012.
3. ↑ chemicals-technology.com: George Olah CO2 to Renewable Methanol Plant, Reykjanes, Iceland , accessed October 15, 2013.