Saitama Prefectural Government

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
埼 玉 県 庁 標識 .JPG

The Saitama Kencho ( Jap. 埼玉県庁 , Engl. Saitama Prefectural Government ) is the management of ostjapanischen prefecture ( ken , Eng. Prefecture ) Saitama . Like all prefectures, Saitama is a local authority under Chapter 8 of the 1947 Constitution and the Local Government Act. The governor ( chiji , English governor ), who is elected directly by the people every four years, then heads the administration . Legislation (political point of view, not constitutional law; laws i e p only the national parliament adopt..), The enactment of the prefectural budget and confirmation of certain personnel decisions as the Vice Governors responsibility of the with an independent legislature directly elected, but also for four years Prefecture Parliament Saitama ( Saitama kengikai , English Saitama Prefectural Assembly ). The central institutions of the prefectural administration of Saitama are based in the Saitama kenchōsha (English Saitama Prefectural Government Building , Saitama Prefectural Office and the like; depending on the context, kenchō also refers to the building complex, not the institution) in the Urawa district of the prefecture capital Saitama , in 2001 the previous capital Urawa had risen.

As - apart from the mountainous west - a highly urbanized prefecture in the catchment area of ​​Tokyo with comparatively favorable demographics and economic structure and more than 7 million inhabitants, Saitama is less dependent on grants and the associated political influence of the central government than most other prefectures. In the 2012 fiscal year, the prefecture's financial strength index ( zaiseiryoku shisū ) was around 0.74, behind Tokyo, Aichi, Kanagawa and Chiba, but still in the top group of financial equalization recipients before Osaka and well above the average of all 47 prefectures (0 , 46).

structure

Note: All, including the translations used here, are by definition unofficial; neither English nor German are official languages ​​in Japan. Different institutions, sometimes the same institution on different occasions, sometimes use different translations. If possible, the self-chosen translations were used here as the English translations, if possible, the German translations as literal and uniform translations for the same term.

The prefecture administration is structured as follows (as of April 1, 2019):

  • Subordinate to the governor (chiji) over the
    • Vice-governors (fuku-chiji) - Saitama currently has two vice-governors who, as in all prefectures, are appointed by the governor with the approval of parliament; There is a fixed order of representation, but in day-to-day work there is only a distribution of responsibilities for departments and committees, no predetermined ranking among the vice-governors -
      • the governor's office (chiji-shitsu) ,
      • the planning and finance department (kikaku-zaisei-bu) , which acts as the governor's law firm and political planning authority and which also includes a representative in Tokyo,
      • the general affairs department (sōmu-bu) for public service, administrative affairs and financial relations with the communities in Saitama,
      • the kenmin-seikatsu-bu (roughly the "department for the daily life of the citizens") - the responsibilities include culture, public relations and foreign contacts, sport, youth -,
      • the department for crisis management and disaster control (kiki-kanri-bōsai-bu) ,
      • the environmental department (kankyō-bu) ,
      • the social department (fukushi-bu) ,
      • the Department of Health and Medical Care (hoken-iryō-bu) ,
      • the Department of Industry and Labor (sangyō-rōdō-bu) ,
      • the Department of Agriculture and Forestry (nōrinbu) ,
      • the kendo-seibi-bu (about "Department for the order of prefecture land "), which has some responsibilities in spatial / urban planning and infrastructure and is responsible for prefecture roads and prefecture rivers [as opposed to rivers under the supervision of state government or local administrations] is
      • the toshi-seibi-bu (analogous to "Department for Urban Planning"), which is responsible for urban / spatial planning matters and, among other things, manages prefecture parks, sports facilities and apartments, and
    • the accounting officer (kaikei-kanrisha) .
  • As in all prefectures, the administrative committees (gyōsei-iinkai) and certain other institutions are organized independently and operate to varying degrees independently of the governor and the governor's departments. You are:
    • The Commissioner for Public Enterprises (kōei-kigyō-kanrisha) and the associated office (kigyō-kyoku) ,
    • the representative for hospital operations (byōin-jigyō-kanrisha) and the associated office (byōin-kyoku) ,
    • the representative for the wastewater operation (gesuidō-jigyō-kanrisha) and the associated office (gesuidō-kyoku) ,
    • the education committee (kyōiku-iinkai) and the associated education office, as in all prefectures responsible for prefectural schools (mainly high schools) and the school supervision,
    • the public security committee (kōan-iinkai) and the associated police headquarters (keisatsu-honbu) - as in all prefectures (in Tokyo under a different name) - for the prefectural police ,
    • The Election Oversight Committee (Senkyo-Kanri-iinkai) as in all prefectures for national and prefectural elections ,
    • the auditors (kansa-iin) as in all prefectures for auditing public finances,
    • the staff committee (jinji-iinkai) as in all prefectures,
    • the Labor Affairs Committee (rōdō-iinkai) as in all prefectures,
    • the expropriation committee (shūyō-iinkai) as in all prefectures,
    • the Inland Fisheries Supervision Committee (naisuimen-gyojō-kanri-iinkai) , as in all prefectures for non-maritime fisheries [and Saitama, unlike most prefectures, has no direct access to the sea].
  • The parliament (gikai) stands
    • a secretariat (jimukyoku) is available for administrative matters .

The total number of employees in the prefecture is around 65,000, specifically (permanent positions, fiscal year 2019): 66 in the parliamentary secretariat, 6,776 in the governor's departments, 2,945 for hospitals and other public companies, 42,346 for schools, 12,635 for the police and 80 for the other management committees.

history

The building of the prefecture administration in the Taishō period

An indirect forerunner of the prefectural administration of Saitama were the governors of Musashi ( Musashi chikenji ), who for a short time in the Meiji Restoration the areas around Edo in the province of Musashi (and thus also areas in today's prefectures Tokyo and Kanagawa, not just Saitama) managed. The first direct forerunner was the administration of the Urawa prefecture established in 1869. This was combined in 1871 with abolished principalities to form Saitama Prefecture, which in 1876 essentially reached its current borders. Like all prefectures, Saitama was an executive part of the imperial government ( interior ministry ) and at the same time already in the empire a self-government - albeit quite limited from a post-war perspective - the first prefectural parliament (then kenkai , "prefectural assembly ") met in 1879 as in most prefectures. The Progressive Party was initially the strongest force there for a long time , in 1892 the prefectural assembly was even dissolved in conflict with the governor, but 33 out of 40 deputies were re-elected; In 1894 the Liberal Party was able to surpass the Progressive Party for the first time . According to the prefectural order (fukensei) of 1890, which was implemented in Saitama in 1897, the administration, as in all prefectures, was headed by a multi-member prefectural committee under the leadership of the governor, the ken-sanjikai (similar to gun -sanjikai and shi -sanjikai ; cf. the collegial ones Institutions in Prussian provinces, districts and cities ). After the Pacific War, in which the central control of the imperial government, which had been somewhat loosened in the early 20th century, increased again, the Ministry of the Interior was finally abolished under Douglas MacArthur and the administration was reformed as in all prefectures: the rights of self-government were expanded, the governor henceforth elected by the people and the citizens also granted procedures for direct influence on the administration in the form of the direct inputs provided for in the self-administration law ( chokusetsu seikyū ; recalls, popular initiatives, etc.). The current main building of the prefecture administration was completed in 1955, the original building burned down in 1948.

Since 1949, when the first elected governor Jitsuzō Nishimura resigned over a corruption scandal, the terms of the prefectural parliament and governor in Saitama have been asynchronous. Since Yoshihiko Tsuchiya's resignation in 2003, the elections are currently being held again in the same year.

Web links

  • Website (Japanese, parts also English, Chinese, Korean, Spanish, Portuguese and in simple Japanese)

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications , FY2012 prefectural fiscal strength index table : 6.2 財政 力 指数
  2. ↑ a b 埼 玉 県 機構 図 'Saitama prefectural organization map' . Saitama Prefectural Administration, Planning and Finance Department, March 29, 2019, accessed May 12, 2019 (Japanese).
  3. ↑ 副 知事 の 担任 事務 に つ い て . Saitama Prefectural Administration, Planning and Finance Department, April 1, 2017, accessed May 12, 2019 (Japanese).
  4. ↑ Saitama Prefectural Assembly: 歴 史 年表