Prosthesis (linguistics)
A prosthesis (from the Greek πρόθεσις, próthesis "precedence") is the addition of an additional sound to the beginning of a word in phonology . A prosthesis can, such. B. also the similar process of epenthesis lead to a change in sound .
Examples:
- lat. schola "school"> span. e scuela
- lat. spiritus "spirit"> French e sprit
Prostheses can also result from incorrect delimitation at a word boundary .
Example:
- N aschmarkt inVienna<Asch (en) markt(probably derived fromAsch“milk bucket”); as inI'm walking on ' s shopping Aschmarkt.
In contrast, the prosthesis (from the Greek πρόσθεσις, prósthesis "addition") or paragogue (from the Greek παραγωγή, paragogé "production", "derivation"; here: "extension") is the addition of a sound at the end of a word.
Examples:
- das / o / in ital. un o studente "a student", opposite un sùddito "a subordinate"
- the / n / in ancient greek. epaídeue n "educated" (before vowel and at the end of a sentence), opposite epaídeue (same before consonant)
literature
- Helmut Glück (Ed.): Metzler Lexicon Language. Metzler, Stuttgart 1993, ISBN 3-476-00937-8 , p. 490.
- David Crystal : The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language. Campus, Frankfurt am Main 1995, ISBN 3-593-35265-6 , p. 328.