Eviction (chess)

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The evacuation is a motif in the game of chess in which one or (less often) several fields or lines are cleared so that they can be occupied or crossed by another stone. An example of an evacuation is shown in the study by Siegbert Tarrasch , in which the g7 square is cleared by a pawn sacrifice . Another example of a line clearance is shown in the diagram below. This special case of evacuation is associated with a facilitation . A simple type of evacuation, which occurs in many games, is the air hole : A pawn move gives the king an escape space and is intended to protect him from a possible basic row defeat.

Mannheim - Regensburg
city ​​competition 1912
  a b c d e f G H  
8th Chess rdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess rdt45.svg Chess bdt45.svg Chess kdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg 8th
7th Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess qdt45.svg Chess bdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg 7th
6th Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess pdt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess --t45.svg 6th
5 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 5
4th Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess ndt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess --t45.svg 4th
3 Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess nlt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 3
2 Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess plt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg 2
1 Chess --t45.svg Chess klt45.svg Chess qlt45.svg Chess rlt45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess --t45.svg Chess rlt45.svg 1
  a b c d e f G H  
White to move

Template: checkerboard / maintenance / new

By clearing the first row, with the black king being redirected to h8, White forced mate here.
1. Rh1 – h8 + Kg8xh8
2. Rd1 – h1 + Kh8 – g8
3. Rh1 – h8 + Kg8xh8
After sacrificing both rooks, the queen can intervene decisively.
4. Qc1 – h1 + Kh8 – g8
5. Qh1 – h7 mate This mate
is also known as Damiano's mate .

There is also the simultaneous evacuation of two fields .

Individual references and sources

  1. ↑ Source for the example: Kurt Richter : combinations . 8th edition, Joachim Beyer Verlag 2002. p. 23, diagram 43