Spinal cord injury
Classification according to ICD-10 | |
---|---|
S14 | Injury to the nerves and spinal cord at neck level |
S24 | Injury to the nerves and spinal cord at thorax level |
S34 | Injury to the nerves and the lumbar spinal cord at the level of the abdomen, the lumbosacral region and the pelvis |
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) |
Spinal cord injuries are classified into three stages based on the extent of damage to the spinal cord . Special forms are the cone-cauda syndrome and the Brown-Séquard syndrome .
Degrees of severity
Spinal commotio
The commotio spinalis , also called spinal cord vibration, is the simplest injury to the spinal cord. It often occurs with short-term indirect violence on the spine and spinal canal. Fleeting neurological irritation or failure symptoms occur, which last a maximum of 48 hours. The disorder is completely reversible. An injury to the spinal cord cannot be detected either pathologically or radiologically. see also SCIWORA syndrome
Contusio spinalis
The contusio spinalis , also called spinal cord contusion , is the second most severe injury to the spinal cord. It leads to immediate neurological deficits, which can sometimes be delayed. It is a partly irreversible, traumatic process. The pathological correlate are edema and axonal damage.
Compressio spinalis
The compressio spinalis , also called spinal cord contusion, is the most serious injury to the spinal cord. It often occurs with unstable vertebral body fractures but also with (traumatic) herniated discs . This type of disorder is largely irreversible, as the structures of the spinal cord are destroyed.
See also
literature
- PA Lim, AM Tow: Recovery and regeneration after spinal cord injury: a review and summary of recent literature. In: Ann Acad Med Singapore. 2007 Jan; 36 (1), pp. 49-57. Review. PMID 17285186
- S. Rossignol, M. Schwab, M. Schwartz, MG Fehlings: Spinal cord injury: time to move? In: J Neurosci. 2007 Oct 31; 27 (44), pp. 11782-11792. Review. PMID 17978014
- Jan M. Schwab, Klaus Brechtel, Christian-Andreas Mueller, Hans-Peter Kaps, Richard Meyerman, Hermann J Schluesener: Acute spinal cord injury: Experimental strategies as the basis for future treatments. ( Memento from April 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) In: Dtsch Arztebl. 2004; 101 (20), pp. A-1422 / B-1183 / C-1137.
- BK Kwon, EB Okon u. a .: A systematic review of directly applied biologic therapies for acute spinal cord injury. In: Journal of neurotrauma. Volume 28, Number 8, August 2011, pp. 1589-1610, ISSN 1557-9042 . doi: 10.1089 / new 2009.1150 . PMID 20082560 . PMC 3143411 (free full text). (Review).
Web links
- spinal cord injuries - emedicine.com
- Prehospital Spinal Manual ( Memento of March 27, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) - A Photographic Guide To Prehospital Spinal Care