RAPD
RAPD (pronounced rapid ) is the abbreviation for English. randomly amplified polymorphic DNA , in German randomly amplified polymorphic DNA . RAPD is a special form of the polymerase chain reaction . The method was first used in 1990 by Williams et al. described.
RAPD uses short primers 8 to 12 nucleotides in length that are generated at random. From genomic DNA, only DNA sequence regions that are enclosed by the sequence of the primer are then replicated. With suitable primers, individual band patterns result in electrophoresis , which make it possible to compare the genetic material of different living beings without knowing them in detail. No complex sequencing is necessary. In practice, the method is used to investigate the phylogenetic relationship between animal and plant species.
example
- Primer
- 5'- ACCGT -3 '
- Template DNA
- 5 '[...] - NNNNN- ACCGT -GGGTCAACTGGCGCACCGAAT- ACGGT -NNNNN - [...] 3'
3 '[...] - NNNNNTGGCACCCAGTTGACC-GCGTGGCTTA- TGCCA -NNNNN - [...] 5' - Amplified DNA
- 5'- ACCGT -GGGTCAACTGGCGCACCGAAT- ACGGT -3 '
3'-TGGCACCCAGTTGACCGCGTG-GCTTA- TGCCA -5'
Primer sequence , reverse complementary sequence
source
- ↑ Williams, JKG et al. (1990): DNA polymorphisms amplified by arbitrary primers are useful as genetic markers. In: Nucleic Acids Res. Vol. 18, pp. 6531-6535. PMID 1979162 , PMC 332606 (free full text)