Wheel-rail noise
Wheel-rail noises are rolling noises and cornering noises from rail vehicles .
Rolling noise
Rolling noises are generated when the wheels roll on the rail track. The surface and structural irregularities of the rail and cycling surfaces, which are determined by the material structure, wear and corrosion , cause vertical excitations of the wheelsets and rails when rolling, which stimulate them to vibrate, which are emitted as sound into the surrounding air.
Cornering noises
Curve noises such as the squeaking of curves occur when driving on narrow curves and switches when the wheels cannot roll without slipping due to the difference in the radius of the two rails. In very narrow curves there is also a wheel flange approach.
Rail joints
By rail joints , heart pieces , flat spots as well as the counterpart plots , there are further impulsive noises that the rail-wheel system are attributable.
Slip
In modern traction vehicles, there are also noises that arise from the slight slip when accelerating and (electrically) braking on slippery rails.
Reduction potential
Rolling noise
- Exchange of wheel treads roughening gray cast iron brake blocks for K-blocks and LL-blocks ( whisper brake ) that smooth the wheel treads with a reduction potential of 8 dB to 10 dB
- Use of wheel noise absorbers , 2 dB to 8 dB
- Use of optimized wheel shapes, 2 dB to 6 dB
- Use of rubber-sprung wheels, 6 dB
- Grinding of the rail surface to remove unevenness such as slip waves , especially in curves, up to 15 dB
Squeaking curves
- Use of rubber-sprung wheels, 10 dB to 15 dB
- Use of wheel noise absorbers , 15 dB to 30 dB
- No rigid wheel axles (enables different rotational speeds on inner and outer radii)
- Enlargement of the curve radii to greater than 200 or 500 m. Curve radii of less than 500 m generate arithmetically level increases of around 3 dB and curve radii of less than 300 around 8 dB.
Rail joints
- Avoidance of rail joints through seamless welding of rails, 6 dB
- If rail joints are necessary as expansion joints, oblique joints and blade joints are preferable embodiments compared to the butt joint that was customary up to now.
- Use of rubber-sprung wheels, 10 dB to 15 dB
Slip
- Use of rubber-sprung wheels, 10 dB to 15 dB
- Use of wheel noise absorbers , 15 dB to 30 dB
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Michael Beitelschmidt: Damping of wheel and structural vibrations . (No longer available online.) November 24, 2011, archived from the original on December 8, 2015 ; Retrieved December 4, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Wheel noise absorber. Bochumer Verein Verkehrstechnik, accessed on December 4, 2015 .
- ↑ Wheels with rubber suspension. Bochumer Verein Verkehrstechnik, accessed on December 4, 2015 .
- ↑ To reduce ripple formation. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on June 21, 2015 ; accessed on August 10, 2016 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated December 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ http://www.stiftung-naturschutz.de/fileadmin/img/pdf/Kleine_Anfragen/ka16-14932.pdf
- ↑ http://www.stiftung-naturschutz.de/fileadmin/img/pdf/Kleine_Anfragen/ka16-14932.pdf
- ^ A b c Robert Hanker: Railway superstructure . Springer-Verlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-709-17800-3 , p. 120 ( limited preview in Google book search).
