Rajendra II.

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Rajendra II.
Family name : Chola
First name : Rajendra II.
Title: Rajakesari
Predecessor: Rajadhiraja Chola I.
Successor: Virarajendra Chola
Reign: 1054 to 1063;
1052 to 1054 as co-regent
Queen: Rajarajan Arumoliyar
Children: Kadarangkonda Cholan and Irattapadikonda Cholan
Father: Rajendra I.
Deceased on: 1063

Rajendra Chola II ( Tamil இரண்டாம் இராஜேந்திர சோழன் ) was a king of the Chola dynasty who ruled southern India in the 11th century .

Life

The place and date of birth of Rajendra II are in the dark. He was a son of Rajendra I , who also carried the title Gangaikonda Chola . Rajendra II was married to Rajarajan Arumoliyar (also Tennavan Mādevi). Kadarangkonda Cholan and Irattapadikonda Cholan are known as sons. In addition to his older brother Rajadhiraja Chola I, he had a younger brother named Vira-Solan, who ruled Uraiyur .

In 1052 (possibly even 1051) he was appointed co-regent by his older brother. In the same year Rajadhiraja had started a campaign against the Chalukya . In 1054 the two armies finally met in Koppal (the former Koppam) and the battle of Koppam broke out , in which Rajadhiraja fell. Despite being wounded, Rajendra II managed to turn the fate of the battle dramatically and so he was able to inflict a heavy defeat on Someshvara I , the king of the Chalukya. (Note: According to Sen (2013) the battle already took place in 1052)

Chalukya Wars

In 1062 the Chalukya invaded the Chola area with strong forces in order to take revenge for their humiliating defeat at Koppam. It came to the first battle of Kudal Sangamam at the confluence of the Tungabhadra into the Krishna . The Cholas under Rajendra II and Virarajendra Chola were able to stop the invasion and also killed Dandanayaka Valadeva, the general of the Chalukya.

A little later an expeditionary army of the Western Chalukya was caught, which was on its way towards Vengi and was supposed to take it. Someshvara I then placed the army of the Cholas under Rajendra II and Virarajendra again at Kudal Sangamam and was also defeated in the second battle.

Sri Lanka

In his early reign, Rajendra II also undertook a military campaign to Sri Lanka , in the course of which the opposing army was routed and King Vijayabahu I was driven from Polonnaruwa . The latter then escaped to a mountain fortress.

Rajendra II later moved again against Sri Lanka, whose new king Manabharanan was supported by the Kalinga king Vira Salamegha .

More conquests

Like his predecessors, Rajendra II had control over the kingdom of the Pandya . After defeating the Chalukya ruler Someshvara I, he went on a campaign against the kingdom of Kalinga. The king of Kalinga was killed in the Kalinga War and the two sons of Manabharanan were also captured on this occasion.

Other areas were also under the rule of Rajendra II, such as Ayodhya , Kanyakubja , Rattapadi and Kadaram .

Conclusion

Overall, Rajendra II held the Chola Empire together well during his reign and did not have to cede any areas.

literature

  • Nilakanta Sastri, KA: The CōĻas (new edition) . University of Madras, Madras 1935.
  • Nilakanta Sastri, KA: A History of South India (new edition) . OUP, New Delhi 1955.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sen, Sailendra: A textbook of Medieval Indian History . Primus Books, 2013, ISBN 978-93-8060734-4 , pp. 46-49 .
personal data
SURNAME Rajendra II.
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rajendra Chola II (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Indian ruler
DATE OF BIRTH before 1052
DATE OF DEATH 1063