Stimulus level rule

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The stimulus level rule , also called the Roux principle , is one of the essential rules of training in sports .

description

The human organism adapts to the loads to which it is exposed. If a certain muscle is regularly heavily used, it adapts to these loads and becomes stronger. If it is less stressed, it regresses. In order for a muscle or the entire organism to increase its athletic performance, it needs training stimuli. In order to be effective, these stimuli must exceed an individual threshold, which is primarily dependent on the level of training. However, the training stimulus must not be too strong, otherwise functional damage will occur. The stimulus level rule established in 1895 by the German anatomist Wilhelm Roux divides the training stimuli into four groups:

  • Subliminal stimuli: these stimuli are unsuitable for improving performance.
  • weak supra-threshold stimuli: these training stimuli are function-preserving.
  • strongly supra-threshold stimuli, also called adaptive or optimal stimuli: here an increase in performance takes place through supercompensation . These stimuli trigger physiological and anatomical changes.
  • too strong stimuli ( overtraining ): the performance level drops.

The effects of the same stimuli can have completely different effects depending on the level of training. For example, the same training can bring about a significant increase in performance in an untrained amateur athlete, while in a competitive athlete it only has a subliminal effect and thus does not even contribute to maintaining performance. The stress stimulus must therefore always be adapted to the athlete's level of training in order to achieve an increase in performance. However, there is an individual upper limit at which the performance potential of the athlete is exhausted and even optimal training stimuli do not lead to any further improvement in performance. The athlete is then trained .

The so-called stimulus threshold law states that a stimulus must exceed a critical threshold value for training to be effective in order for an adaptation reaction to occur. The corresponding training principle is known as the principle of the effective stress stimulus .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ R. Kersten, R. Siebecke: Equipment fitness: The textbook for trainer training. Meyer & Meyer, 2010, ISBN 3-898-99581-X , pp. 84-86. limited preview in Google Book search
  2. ↑ Wilhelm Roux : Collected treatises on the development mechanics of organisms. Volume I: Functional Adaptation. Wilhelm Engelmann, Leipzig, 1895.
  3. ↑ W. Laube: Training of the main sensorimotor forms of stress coordination, endurance and strength. In: W. Laube (Ed.): Sensomotorisches System. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2009, ISBN 3-131-48371-7 , pp. 558-561. limited preview in Google Book search
  4. ↑ a b c W. Friedrich: Optimales Sportwissen. Spitta Verlag, 2005, ISBN 3-934-21191-7 , pp. 32-35. limited preview in Google Book search

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