Rotation point
In aviation, the point of rotation is the point (on the runway or in the take-off course) at which the aircraft rotates or begins to rotate around its transverse axis during take-off . This point is reached when the aircraft nose is raised and the nose landing gear lifts off .
The pilot lifts the nose of the aircraft at each take-off at a speed V r (read: Vi rotate ) which the pilot can calculate in advance . As soon as the aircraft reacts and takes off, the mathematical speed V lof (lift off) is reached, which was determined taking into account certain safety margins. Among other things, the following are taken into account:
- V mca (minimum control speed air - to be able to keep the direction even in the event of an engine failure )
- V 1 ( decision speed for the takeoff)
- V mu (minimum unstick speed - so that there is enough buoyancy to take off without a tail strike)
- V s ( stall speed in start configuration)
The speed of rotation has a significant influence on the length of the take-off run required .
From the point of rotation, wake vortices occur behind an aircraft, which can endanger the aircraft behind. Since wake vortices then sink to the ground, lighter aircraft that take off immediately behind heavier aircraft should take off before their point of rotation. Since lighter aircraft cannot take off as steeply as this afterwards because of the weaker engine power, there is a risk that they will cross the flight path of the heavy aircraft that was previously lifted off and still end up in its wake vortices. After taking off, the wake vortices have to be avoided by changing the flight direction.
See also
literature
- Bachmann, Faber, Senftleben - Danger manual for pilots , Motorbuch Verlag Stuttgart 1981 ISBN 3-87943-656-8
- Jeppesen Sanderson - Private Pilot Study Guide 2000, ISBN 0-88487-265-3
- Jeppesen Sanderson - Privat Pilot Manual 2001, ISBN 0-88487-238-6
- Lufthansa Flight Training, Pilot School, BRE OS1 / A - International Air Traffic Regulations and Procedures , 2003
Individual evidence
- ↑ Joachim Scheiderer: Applied flight performance :. An introduction to operational flight performance from take-off to landing. In: books.google.de. July 3, 2008, p. 150 , accessed February 28, 2014 .