Ruinae pannonicae

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Ruinae Pannonicae is the name of the monumental verse epic by the poet Christian Schesaeus (around 1535–1585), who was born in Medias in Transylvania . The first edition appeared in Wittenberg in 1571.

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Schesaeus uses neo-Latin hexameters to describe the decline of the Kingdom of Hungary, defeated by the Ottomans in the Battle of Mohács (1526), up to around 1565, including the defensive efforts that were undertaken from Transylvania, which has now become a principality, and from remaining Hungary, and the respective commanders sets a poetic monument. The historical background of the poem is the dispute for the throne between Emperor Ferdinand and Maximilian II on the one hand and the Hungarian Johann Sigismund Zápolya on the other.

From the first edition of the "Ruinae Pannonicae" printed by Clemens Schleich in Wittenberg in 1571, the first part is reproduced here in the original text and in the translation by Klaus Popa :

“ Ruinae pannonicae liber primus
Pannoniæ tristes versu memorabo ruinas
Vtque duces, animosaque gens, regnumque superbum
Concidit, ut Cadmi per mutua vulnera proles
Victa iugo Scythicj submittens colla Tyranni
In vitium, quia prona ruiti alum ruit, virtutis conuert
al
al immemoriale , ex ambitions regendi.
Diuersos dominos distracta mente sequentes,
Publica priuatis postponunt commoda rebus,
Et misere oppressam grauiore Tyrannide plebem
Hebraeos veluti Pharao crudelis, acerbant.
Multi perfidia capti, sed pluribus aurum
Exitium tulit, atque amor immoderatus habendi.
Ryphææ multis nocuerunt fœdera gentis,
Credulitas nimium quos improuisa fefellit.
Præcipue in sacro recors dissensio cultu,
Quando licet quod cuique lubet proponere dogma
Humani ex cerebri desumptum impune lacuna:
Hæc mala præcipitis sunt fons & caussa ruinae.
SVMME pater, curious nuts omnia regna reguntur,
Stantque caduntque amplæ totis cum gentibus urbes,
Nostra sub immenso titubantia cœpta laboratories
Prouehe, difficilisque viæ dux præuius esto:
Nomina ut Heroum qui consilioque manuiter ins
, regnique statum innuere fidelias:
Partum etuere fidel fraudesque dolosque
Extendam verbis ad seros usque nepotes. ”

“ The ruins of Pannonia. First book
I will remember the sad ruins of Pannonia, And how dukes, as well as the brave race and the arrogant rule sank (similar to the offspring of Cadmus by mutual wounding) (4) while bowing their vanquished head to the yoke of the Scythian tyrant; Because they were inclined to fall into ruin, irrespective of the grandfather's bravery, namely, to swing the iron against the other out of lust for domination, while with unsteady mind they served the retinue of different masters, putting self-interest before common good, (10) and the miserably oppressed people how the Hebrews oppressed the cruel Pharaoh with the heaviest tyranny. Unfaithfulness reigned limitless, but gold brought death to most of them because, moreover, they were seized with excessive lust; The covenants of the Riphaeic [ie northern] race harmed many, (15) These evils are the source of the abyss and the cause of decline. (20) Most High Father, whose sign guides all kingdoms, Major cities exist and fall together with whole peoples, Promote the work we have begun, which wavers under the unspeakable, And you shall be the wise man on the difficult path, So that I will name the people Can hold on to heroes in words, which both with advice (25) and with deed helped the state and the broken rule devotedly, against the deception and malice of the opponents. "

expenditure

7 of a total of 12 volumes.
  • Christiani Schesaei Ruinas Panonicas . Adcurante Josepho Carolo Eder . Cibinii, Grand Master 1797.
  • Christannus Schesaeus: Ruinae Pannonicae Libri Quatuor. Latin edition 1797 (Reprint Kessinger Publishing 2010, ISBN 978-116538126-5 )
German translation
Albert Michael: Albert The Ruinae Pannonicae of Christian Schesäus . In: Program of the Protestant high school in Schäßburg 1872/73 . Sibiu 1873, pp. 632–635.
  • Christianus Schesäus: Opera quae supersunt omnia . Edidit Franciscus Csonka. Academy Publishing House, Budapest 1979.

literature

  • Georg Daniel Teutsch:  Schesäus, Christian . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 31, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1890, p. 139 f.
  • Hermann Schuller: The handwritten chants from Schesäus' Ruina Pannonica . Medias 1923.
  • Péter Lőkös: The Turkish image in Christian Schesäus' Ruina Pannonica and its sources . In: Journal for Transylvanian Studies . Vol. 1, 2011, pp. 29-39.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Lexicon of the Transylvanian Saxons , Thaur near Innsbruck 1993, pp. 434–435.
  2. ↑ Killy. Literary dictionary. Vol. 10, p. 320