SS Junker School Bad Toelz

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Main gate 1942

The SS Junker School Bad Tölz was an SS Junker School . It served as an officer training facility for the Waffen SS . The school was founded in 1937 and built by the architect Alois Degano . It is located in the city of Bad Tölz , about 48 km south of Munich . The architecture and shape of the school should impress the staff, students, visitors and passers-by. The school was in operation until the end of World War II in 1945. After the war, the former SS Junker School was the base of a battalion of the 3rd US Army until 1991 .

history

Lessons in the SS Junker School in Bad Tölz

In 1934, the armed branch of the Schutzstaffel (SS) started the original SS-Verfügungstruppe was called to form their own officers. In contrast to the Wehrmacht, applicants could also become officers without having at least a secondary school certificate.

The school was inaugurated by Adolf Hitler in 1936 . SS members were to undergo regular army training there. Former army officers were used as trainers. Because of their origins, some of the cadets required basic training in non-military matters. The cadets were given label books, e.g. B. contained instructions on table manners. The Nazi ideology was also taught in lectures. Furthermore, the students had to learn various sporting achievements (athletics and military field exercises).

The SS spared no expense in building the school: the facilities included a football stadium surrounded by an athletics track, a building for boxing, gymnastics, ball games, a heated swimming pool and a sauna .

In March 1945, the school's instructors and students were used to build the 38th SS Grenadier Division “Nibelungen” . The division never reached a nearly complete division status, but was used directly without a complete list in the fight against US troops in the Landshut area. The division capitulated on May 8, 1945 in the Bavarian Alps near Oberwössen near the Austrian border to US Army units.

The US General George S. Patton took over the post of military governor of Bavaria after the war and temporarily ruled from Bad Tölz. In memory of a fallen friend, he renamed the former junker's school "Flint barracks". Until the withdrawal in 1991, the Flint barracks was, in addition to an engineering school, also a European base of the Special Forces, commonly known as Green Berets . The words “Cleanest American Camp In Europe” appeared above the main entrance.

The barracks no longer exist in their original architecture, as the buildings have only been partially preserved. The sports facilities, including a football stadium and a building that was used as a gym, boxing and ball games and also equipped with a sauna and a heated pool, the cinema and the archway above the main entrance no longer exist. Nevertheless, the exterior and the ground plan of the former barracks are still largely recognizable. However, the buildings inside have been completely rebuilt as the city began major redesign in the late 1990s. There you can find various offices, shops and restaurants, the police inspection and in the courtyard of the former barracks the architecturally attractive “snail” (the construction costs of which were criticized by the taxpayers' association ) under the name “Flint Center” .

Commanders of the school

Arm band of the SS Junker School Bad Tölz

Graduates from the school

Wolfgang Jörchel (1907–1945), a graduate of the school, later commanded the SS-Freiwilligen-Panzergrenadier-Regiment 48 "General Seyffardt", had been a Knight's Cross holder since 1944 and took command of the SS-Standartenführer on July 3, 1944 newly established SS Junk School in Prague-Dewitz .

literature

  • Bernd Wegner: Notes on the history of the Waffen SS. In: RD Müller, HE Volkmann, (Ed. On behalf of MGFA): The Wehrmacht: Myth and Reality. Oldenbourg, Munich 1999, ISBN 3-486-56383-1
  • Flaherty, TH (2004) [1988]. The Third Reich: The SS. Time-Life Books, Inc. ISBN 1-84447-073-3 .
  • Hatheway, Jay (2004). In Perfect Formation: SS Ideology and the SS-Junkerschule-tolz. Schiffer Military History. ISBN 0-7643-0753-3 .
  • O'Donnell, James P. (2001) [1978]. The bunker. New York: Da Capo Press. ISBN 978-0-306-80958-3 .
  • Weale, Adrian (2012). Army of Evil: A History of the SS. New York: Caliber Printing. ISBN 978-0451237910 .
  • Windrow, Martin & Burn, Cristopher (1992). The Waffen-SS, Edition 2. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 0-85045-425-5 .

Web links

Commons : Junkerschule Bad Tölz  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ https://www.lfu.bayern.de/altlasten/flaechenrecycling/positivbeispiele/doc/toel_kaserne.pdf
  2. ↑ https://books.google.de/books?id=K8KBYViZsj0C&pg=PA295&lpg=PA295&dq=ss+junkerschule+bad+t%C3%B6lz&source=bl&ots=liyd1rXIBh&sig=ACfU3U1wXd_ZCcMVY1gfWeA2dTifXPYmoQ&hl=de&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwidnuT5geDiAhUFKewKHQrEBsE4KBDoATAJegQICRAB#v=onepage&q=ss % 20junkerschule% 20bad% 20t% C3% B6lz & f = false
  3. ↑ https://www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de/Lexikon/Schutzstaffel_(SS),_1925-1945#Die_SS_und_die_K.C3.A4ampf_in_Bayern_am_Kriegsende
  4. ↑ https://www.historisches-lexikon-bayerns.de/Lexikon/Schutzstaffel_(SS),_1925-1945#Die_SS_und_die_K.C3.A4ampf_in_Bayern_am_Kriegsende