San Salvatore (Lucca)
The convent of Santa Giustina or San Salvatore in Brisciano in Lucca is located in Piazza San Salvatore and thus at the beginning of Via Santa Giustina. The district of San Salvatore is named after the monastery.
history
The monastery was founded in the second half of the 8th century. In the year 861, the monastery built by Duke Allo in Lucca is mentioned among the possessions of the monastery of San Salvatore in Brescia, which is probably Santa Giustina / San Salvatore. For the later period, the subordination of the monastery to the abbey in Brescia is clear. Ermengard, a daughter of King Lothar II of Lotharingia († 869), was buried in Santa Giustina, but the year of her death is unknown.
The monastery was the wealthiest in the city during the Middle Ages. It enjoyed the protection of the Carolingians , especially the Emperor Ludwig the Pious and Ludwig II , but Otto I also introduced the Benedictine rule in the monastery in the middle of the 11th century . In 1175 Pope Alexander III subordinated . the monastery directly to the Holy See ( Exemtion ). Most of the nuns, who came from the patriciate of Lucca, had taken their religious vows . At the beginning of the 15th century, the monasteries of Santa Mara di Pontetetto (district of Lucca, incorporated around 1404) and San Martino in Gello di Camaiore (1414 by order of the Bishop of Lucca in San Giustina) were incorporated into the monastery .
In 1808, under the rule of Elisa Bonaparte and her husband Félix Baciocchi, the monasteries in Lucca were closed, including San Salvatore. The monastery buildings were made part of the local hospital and home for illegitimate children. Under the Bourbons, the Benedictine nuns were admitted again, but were given other buildings as accommodation. In 1867 the monastery was dissolved again.
architecture
The Church of San Salvatore has existed since 1009 and was renovated in the 12th century. The lower part of the facade and the south side of the building from the 12th century still exist up to a height of about two meters. The rest show signs of renovation in the neo-medieval style of the 19th century. The Nicholas reliefs above the main portal and the right side portal also date from the second half of the 12th century. The three-aisled interior was renewed during the Bourbon rule in the 19th century.
literature
- Gian Domenico Mansi, Gabriele Grammatica, Diario sacro delle chiese di Lucca (1753, 1836) online
- Giorgio Giorgi, Le chiese di Lucca, Volume 5, Chiesa e monastero del S. Salvatore del Bresciano poi di S. Giustina (1981), 59 pages
- Flavia Dinelli, Il monastero lucchese di S. Salvatore in Brisciano - S. Giustina dalle origini al secolo XI, (Thesis, 2007), 174 p. Online (PDF; 502 kB)
Web links
Remarks
Coordinates: 43 ° 50 ′ 38.8 " N , 10 ° 30 ′ 10.9" E