Sandan

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Sandan or Sandas was a Cilician god who was worshiped mainly in Tarsus .

Tetradrachm of Antiochus VIII. Grypus
Sesterce of Caracalla

cult

Sandas was ritually burned on his altar once a year in Tarsus, like Melkart in Tire . This is depicted on Cilician gold and silver coins from the Seleucid period to the 3rd century AD. A tetradrachm of Demetrios II from Tarsus shows a cubic altar adorned with garlands on which a triangular structure stands. Beneath it stands the god, his feet on the back of a lion.

Attributes

The attribute of Sandas was the double ax , as can be seen on Cilician coins. He usually stands on a winged and horned lion.

Derivation

A derivation from the Luwian god Šanta is likely. Later, Sandan was often equated with the Greek god Heracles .

Web links

Commons : Sandan  - collection of images, videos and audio files

literature

  • T. Callander: The Tarsian Orations of Dio Chrysostom. The Journal of Hellenic Studies 24, 1904, pp. 58-69.
  • Dorothy Hannah Cox: A Gold Impression of a Tarsus Tetradrachm of Antiochus VIII. Record of the Museum of Historic Art, Princeton University 5/2, 1946, p. 6.
  • Alexander H. Krappe: The Anatolian Lion God. Journal of the American Oriental Society 65/3, 1945, pp. 144-154.
  • G. Rachel Levy: The Oriental Origin of Heracles. Journal of Hellenic Studies 54/1, 1934, pp. 40-53.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b G. Rachel Levy: The oriental Origin of Herakles. Journal of Hellenic Studies 54/1, 1934, p. 47.
  2. ↑ T. Callander: The Tarsian Orations of Dio Chrysostom. Journal of Hellenic Studies 24, 1904, fig. 1.
  3. ^ Dorothy Hannah Cox: A Gold Impression of a Tarsus Tetradrachm of Antiochus VIII. Record of the Museum of Historic Art, Princeton University 5/2, 1946, p. 6.
  4. ^ Réne Lebrun: L'Anatolie et le monde phénicien du X e au IV e siècle av. J.-C. In: E. Lipiński, Studia Phenicia 5, Phenicia and the East Mediterranean in the First Millennium B C. Louvain 1987, pp. 23-33